A comprehensive multistage Value Added Tax (VAT) system, viz., Goods and Services Tax (GST), is introduced in India since 1 July 2017. GST encompasses various taxes from Union and State indirect tax b...
by Sacchidananda Mukherjee | On 02 Apr 2019 Indian courts are clogged with large backlogs. Part of the reason for the problem is that cases take a very long time to move through the courts. It slows progress of court cases is harmful for the In...
by Pratik Dutta | On 30 Mar 2019 Using a decomposition approach on data collected by the Asian Productivity Organization (APO) as well as World Input-Output data, it shows that in most Asian economies the services sector makes the la...
by Matthias Helble | On 12 Mar 2019 This paper introduces a taxonomy of service activities in GVCs and describes the main statistical challenges in assessing the contribution of manufacturing and services to output, value added, or trad...
by Sébastien Miroudot | On 07 Mar 2019 This paper takes an overview of the concepts and features of central bank money and private sector money and focuses on the actual performance of these types of money in selected advanced and emerging...
by Sayuri Shirai | On 18 Feb 2019 This paper examines the role of consumer finance, a high growth segment of the Indian financial sector in promoting financial inclusion. Consumer finance involves granting credit to consumers to enabl...
by Saon Ray | On 03 Feb 2019 Reverse mortgages provide an alternative source of retirement funding by allowing older homeowners to borrow against their home. However, a recent pilot program of reserve mortgage products in several...
by Katja Hanewald | On 03 Feb 2019 This paper analyzes the conditions under which an existing bilateral free trade area (FTA) prefers to expand in size and when it prefers consolidation through customs union (CU) formation when the exi...
by Sunandan Ghosh | On 31 Jan 2019 This study analyses the time varying correlation of money and output using the DCC GARCH model for the Euro, India, Poland, the UK and the US. Apart from simple sum money, this model uses Divisia mone...
by Taniya Ghosh | On 30 Jan 2019 This paper uses a theory-based measure of productivity-based comparative advantage to examine the trade performance of developing Asian economies in manufacturing and services over the 1995–2011 perio...
by Ben Shepherd | On 20 Jan 2019 This paper analyses the dramatic spread of education and healthcare in Asia and also the large variations in that spread across and within countries over fifty years. Apart from differences in initial...
by Sudipto Mundle | On 14 Jan 2019 This paper uses a structural gravity model to show the effects of services policies on manufacturing exports. Whereas the previous literature has focused on indirect effects of policies—flowing throug...
by Ben Shepherd | On 28 Dec 2018 This brief report documents facts of financial innovation in Asia and the Pacific that include: • Fintech redefines a specific sector at the intersection of financial services and technology sectors....
by Asian Bank | On 09 Oct 2018 Firms in developing countries often avoid paying taxes by making informal payments to tax officials. These bribes may raise the cost of operating a business, and the price charged to consumers. To dec...
by Francesco Amodio | On 17 Sep 2018 Aging can be harmful to an economy over the long run, as an increase in the share of the elderly population reduces both the labor force and output per adult, and increases the social security burden....
by Hiroko Uchimura-Shiroshi | On 10 Sep 2018 The People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) remarkable growth performance over the last 3 decades has been associated to very robust export growth, so much so that many refer to it as a clear example of ex...
by Jesus Felipe | On 29 Aug 2018 This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of different financial schemes for introducing PV facilities in terms of the suitability of funding vehicles and investment mechanisms. Given the p...
by Ranaporn Tantiwechwuttikul | On 13 Aug 2018 This paper develops a framework identifying channels through which economic gains can be derived from PPP arrangement. The framework helps derive an empirically tractable specification that examines h...
by Minsoo Lee | On 11 Aug 2018 This paper makes an attempt to estimate Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth by using both growth accounting approach and production function approach. Kendrick, Solow and Tornqvist-Theil indices ar...
by G. Alivelu | On 26 Jun 2018 This paper discusses the status of financial inclusion, education, and literacy in Azerbaijan as well as measures to foster the development of SMEs, which currently have inadequate access to financial...
by Gubad Ibadoghlu | On 07 Jun 2018 Financial inclusion has significantly advanced in Armenia during the last decade. Rural and urban areas, however, have benefited unevenly. The high cost of providing financial services, the lack of ph...
by Armen Nurbekyan | On 07 Jun 2018 Despite the reportedly rapid growth of mechanization, as well as its
unique history in economic and social systems, information on the patterns of agricultural mechanization growth in Vietnam has bee...
by Hiroyuki Takeshima | On 28 May 2018 Developing countries, including India, are increasing relying on foreign direct
investments (FDI) for raising finance for infrastructure development and other
projects. Consequently, coun...
by Tanu M Goyal | On 09 May 2018 India introduced the Goods and Services Tax (GST) on 1 July 2017 after a
decade of preparation. Ideally, GST should reduce tax driving the market by
enabling businesses to invest, reflecting...
by Parthasarathi Shome | On 07 May 2018 Services are a major component of global gross domestic product and employment, and a
rising component of global trade and investment flows. This
is the largest sector of the Indian
...
by Avantika Kapoor | On 25 Apr 2018 Existing research on “access to justice” has shown how the understanding of the term developed as the human rights approach gained ground. The conventional notion of access to justice was limited to s...
by HAQ: Centre for Child Rights | On 20 Apr 2018 Despite the resultant disutility, some people, in particular, the poor, are engaged in
behaviors that carry social stigma. Empirical studies on stigmatized behavior are rare,
largely due to the form...
by Xi Chen | On 12 Apr 2018 Nature-based solutions (NBS) are inspired and supported by nature and use, or mimic, natural processes to contribute to the improved management of water.
by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultura UNESCO | On 23 Mar 2018 The National Health Mission (NHM) encompasses two sub-missions, the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM).
by Rajya Sabha Secretariat | On 23 Mar 2018 The Preamble to The National Medical Commission Bill, 2017 lays down its
mission statement, which is to provide for a medical education system that ensures
availability of adequate and high quality...
by Rajya Sabha Secretariat | On 23 Mar 2018 The paper says that poverty alleviation is the most persistent challenge facing Pakistan since its inception.
by Rashida Haq | On 21 Mar 2018 Mahrashtra Buget speech Part 2
by Sudhir Mungamtiwar | On 12 Mar 2018 Online reviews are a powerful means of propagating the reputations of products, services, and even employers. However, existing research suggests that online reviews often suffer from selection bias—p...
by Ioana Marinescu | On 07 Mar 2018 This paper evaluates the current status of the Indian Rupee as an international currency using the Chinn and Frankel (2008) framework, and explores the possibility of future Indian Rupee international...
by Shekhar Hari Kumar | On 27 Feb 2018 Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have stimulated fervent interest
from both the private sector and governments across the globe, as the possibility
of mass-produced consumer product m...
by | On 21 Feb 2018 This paper points at the missing link between decentralization and local development in so many countries whose decentralization reforms are driven by political rather than developmental goals.
by Leena Avonius | On 07 Feb 2018 Cambodia’s agriculture sector remains the backbone of the country’s economy. Most of Cambodia’s
people live in rural areas and rely heavily on agriculture for their livelihoods. In recent decades, th...
by Sam Oeurn Ke | On 06 Feb 2018 The report says that as per the UN National Accounts Statistics data, India’s ranking improved from 14th position in 2006 to 7th position in 2016, among the world’s 15 largest economies in terms of ov...
by Arun Jaitley | On 31 Jan 2018 India’s external sector continued to be resilient and strong in 2017-18 so far, with the Balance of
Payments situation continuing to be comfortable with the Current Account Deficit at 1.8 percent of
...
by Arun Jaitley | On 31 Jan 2018 The government’s efforts to make business and commerce easy have been widely acknowledged.
The next frontier on the ease of doing business is addressing pendency, delays and backlogs
in the appellat...
by Arun Jaitley | On 31 Jan 2018 The first order fact about the developing world today is that this is an era of unprecedented
prosperity. And that is true about India too which has been one of the most dynamic economic
performers...
by Arun Jaitley | On 31 Jan 2018 Data on the international exports of states (the first in India’s history) suggests a strong
correlation between export performance and states’ standard of living. India’s exports are unusual
in tha...
by Arun Jaitley | On 30 Jan 2018 This paper discusses (a) changes in measurement in industry and services (b) changes made in
agriculture sector and (c) major issues on the measurement of GDP in new series. There are long term
or l...
by S.Mahendra Dev | On 29 Jan 2018 This study seeks to examine how locking-in of our unilateral liberalisation at the WTO and further
liberalisation of services trade would affect Pakistan’s competitiveness.
by Abid Burki | On 28 Dec 2017 The purpose of this paper is to propose specific ways in which developing countries can best fuel trade in the digital era.
by Kati Suominen | On 21 Dec 2017 Recent debates of basic income (BI) proposals shine a useful spotlight on the challenges that traditional forms of income support are increasingly facing, and highlight gaps in social provisions that...
by James Browne | On 15 Dec 2017 This paper aims to promote competitive access for telecommunications providers.
by Krystal Uy | On 14 Dec 2017 The report outlines and critically assesses trends in urban planning education across the globe, specifically in countries of the global South, and the extent to which curricula address issues of incl...
by Vanessa Watson | On 07 Dec 2017 Services are a major component of global gross domestic product and employment, and a rising component of global trade and investment flows. This is the largest sector of the Indian economy contributi...
by | On 30 Nov 2017 The study adopts a qualitative approach to understand the power dynamics and draws out conclusions from a wide variety of stakeholders regarding the issues at hand.
by Sadaf Liaquat | On 23 Nov 2017 Can a society suffering contests between rich and poor achieve good governance in the face of endemic corruption? The paper examines a stylized poor state with weak institutions in which a “culture of...
by Gil S. Epstein | On 21 Nov 2017 The study focus on the existing social assistance schemes targeted towards the extreme poor.
by Rabia Tabassum | On 16 Nov 2017 The service sector is the largest and fastest growing sector in India and has the highest labor productivity, but employment has not kept pace with the share of the sector in gross domestic product an...
by | On 10 Nov 2017 This report will also summarize experiences with the technical assessment process as of early 2017 and offer an overview of initial REDD+ results reporting and technical analyses of those reports.
by Food and Agricultural Organization [FAO] | On 31 Oct 2017 This paper examines in detail Pakistan’s export performance in the light of emerging global challenges and identifies key structural and policy issues that stifle Pakistan’s exports.
by Afia Malik | On 25 Oct 2017 This review is framed around the exploration of a central hypothesis: A shift in public investment towards secondary towns from big cities will improve poverty reduction performance.
by Luc Christiaensen | On 27 Sep 2017 The report narrates that the diversity of smugglers has been examined in the academic and grey literature.
by Marie McAuliffe | On 25 Sep 2017 The Laspeyres-type consumer price index (CPI) is traditionally used to measure the changes in cost-of-living over time. Studies indicate this CPI suffers from a plutocratic bias, attaching greater wei...
by Dilip M. Nachane | On 18 Sep 2017 This paper discusses (a) changes in measurement in industry and services (b) changes made in agriculture sector and (c) major issues on the measurement of GDP in new series. There are long term or leg...
by S. Mahendra Dev | On 18 Sep 2017 Causality from the capital account (KA) to the current account (CA) of the balance of payments indicates disruption from capital flows while the reverse can indicate smooth financing of the CA that al...
by Ashima Goyal | On 15 Sep 2017 The focus of this paper is on the political history of modern Gujarat, which has been an intriguing one. The paper identifies and discusses in the broad landscape of Gujarat’s politics three notable d...
by Tannen Neil Lincoln | On 14 Sep 2017 This paper examines the operation of the gold standard (GS) during the period 1870-1914, its heyday. It discusses the theory of balance of payments adjustment under the GS. Theory postulates automatic...
by Manmohan Agarwal | On 06 Sep 2017 The report provides a detailed analysis of the latest developments in world trade.
by World Trade Organisation WTO | On 17 Aug 2017 The Report explores who has been left out in the progress in human development and why.
by Selim Jahan | On 16 Aug 2017 This paper reports results of a ?eld experiment designed to test how the timing of wage payments a?ects consumption and ?nancial behaviors. Salaried employees in a large manufacturing ?rm were paid a...
by Emily Breza | On 07 Aug 2017 Discussions around the post-2015 development goals
and the proposed ‘leave no-one behind’ principle have
revived global interest in inequality and the role of social
protection in promoting social...
by | On 04 Aug 2017 The report says that the BoP, thus, includes all transactions showing: (a) transactions in goods, services and income between an economy and the rest of the world, (b) changes of ownership and other c...
by Reserve Bank of India RBI | On 03 Aug 2017 This paper contributes to the scant body of literature on inequalities among and within ethnic groups in the Philippines by examining both the vertical and horizontal measures in terms of opportunitie...
by Celia M. Reyes | On 02 Aug 2017 This paper examines the implications of the establishment of the
New Development Bank (NDB) and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement
(CRA) for the international financial system and for the BRICS coun...
by Manmohan Agarwal | On 31 Jul 2017 The article reviews the recent evaluation evidence on financial services and training
interventions designed to increase the productivity and income of the poor; it includes the
subset of evaluation...
by Mayra Buvinic | On 28 Jul 2017 Despite rapid progress of the financial sector in Bangladesh, there are concerns that banks have not been able to include a
vast segment of the population, especially the underprivileged sections and...
by Bilkis Sultana | On 26 Jul 2017 Delivering accessible, inclusive and high-quality health services in India is both technically challenging and politically complex. India’s public health services have been highly decentralized for mo...
by Brendan Halloran | On 26 Jul 2017 This study was conducted to understand the evolution of agricultural mechanization in Nepal, specifically
its determinants on both the demand and supply sides, as well as impacts on agricultural prod...
by Hiroyuki Takeshima | On 26 Jul 2017 The project developed a gender, caste, and ethnicity (GCE) strategy that sought to ensure the participation of women and ethnic minorities in decision-making processes, as well as their increased repr...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 25 Jul 2017 This annual publication showcases the results of knowledge management initiatives of the East Asia Department of the Asian Development Bank in 2014.
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 24 Jul 2017 This report explores some of the ways forward. It highlights not just the need to inject more money into investments that contribute to sustainable development, but also to attract funds toward them—t...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 21 Jul 2017 Using Input-Output (IO) analysis, this study provides the time series estimates of domestic value added (DVA) content of India's merchandise and services exports for the period 1999-2000 to 2012-13 an...
by Veeramani C | On 21 Jul 2017 This publication is a continuation of the APWF Framework Document on Water and Climate Change Adaptation, developed for leaders and policy-makers in Asia and the Pacific in 2012.
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 12 Jul 2017 This publication reviews various country aspects of SME finance covering the banking sector, nonbank sector, and capital markets. It is expected to support evidence-based policy making and regulations...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 11 Jul 2017 This report is an outcome of Phase 3 discussions under the ASEAN+3 Bond Market Forum Sub-Forum 2, which have focused on making bond market infrastructures in the region more inter-operable through the...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 11 Jul 2017 This case study looks at the gender dimensions of two projects that focus on the community development component that advocated community participation, social inclusion, and gender equality in commun...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 05 Jul 2017 The central themes of Jainism are ahimsa (non-violence), anekant (nonabsolutism) and aprigraha (non-possession). Non-violence strengthens the autonomy of life of every being and if one believes that e...
by MC Singhi | On 22 Jun 2017 This report identifies some of Thailand’s critical development constraints and discusses policy measures and economic reforms needed to accelerate economic transformation toward a more modern and serv...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 20 Jun 2017 This report examines the current use of DFS in the Pacific, analyzes the issues that need to be addressed, and provides recommendations for increasing financial inclusion in the region.
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 14 Jun 2017 Ashas, the lowest rung of contracted full-time community health workers, face irregular
pay and lack social security. Will the draft Central Code on Labour enable their
regularization and a fixed wa...
by Kavita Bhatia | On 14 Jun 2017 The report narrates that the Sanjiang Plain wetlands are among the most important wetlands in the People’s Republic of China with unique habitats, species, and ecology. There is a considerable body of...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 08 Jun 2017 This report includes proposed measures for Myanmar’s road sector, rail sector, river transport, and policy measures, summarizing the costs and benefits of each, ranked by their benefit-to-cost-ratio.
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 02 Jun 2017 Building on the early work of Mitchell and Burns (1938,1946), the automatic leading indicator (ALI) approach has been developed over the last few decades by Geweke (1977), Sargent and Sims (1977), Sto...
by Parma Chakravartti | On 26 May 2017 This study of state-owned enterprises performance in the Pacific emphasizes political commitment to reform as a key driver for commercial results.
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 23 May 2017 According to data published on AsianBondsOnline, total LCY bonds outstanding in Malaysia barely moved in the third quarter of 2015 compared with the previous quarter, standing at MYR1,076 billion at t...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 16 May 2017 The report say that the Singapore bond market has become one of the most developed open capital markets in Asia with over US$221 billion in total local currency bonds outstanding with an additional US...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 15 May 2017 This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor includes Local currency (LCY) government bond yields in advancedeconomies and emerging East Asia climbed between 31 October and 18 November due to increased concern...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 11 May 2017 The research focuses on financial exclusion in three segments: base of pyramid (BoP); women; and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). From our research, we estimate that addressing this oppor...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 09 May 2017 This paper introduces that the landscape approach has provided a platform for a wide-ranging
discussion about these issues, but has simultaneously opened up the opportunity for a discussion
about su...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 08 May 2017 Value added tax was first introduced by Maurice Laure, a French economist, in 1954. The tax was designed such that the burden is borne by the final consumer. Since VAT can be applied on goods as well...
by | On 13 Apr 2017 The analysis in this paper
suggests that demonetisation has impacted various sectors of the economy in varying
degrees; however, in the affected sectors, the adverse impact was transient and felt ma...
by Reserve Bank of India RBI | On 21 Mar 2017 This chapter reviews the literature on marriage in developing countries. We describe how marital matching occurs; the trends in age at marriage; assortative mating patterns; marriage payments; and spo...
by | On 16 Mar 2017 India Skills Report 2017 is an report that aims to support this initiative; by providing a stock of the talent landscape of India and supporting in charting the future direction of matchmaking. Curren...
by United Nations Development Programme [UNDP] | On 15 Mar 2017 Reveiw of ‘Population, Health and Environment’ Edited by Sayeed Unisa, T.V. Sekher, Chander Shekhar, Abhishek Singh, L.K.Dwivedi and M.R. Pradhan by Rawat Pubslishers.
by Manisha Karne | On 30 Jan 2017 The presentation shows the methods through which non-cash payments can be made, the constraints to it, efforts needed for proposed actions from key stakeholders, policies needed to promote digital pa...
by Nara Chandrababu Naidu | On 25 Jan 2017 The early literature on migrant urban communities emphasized the conditions and employment patterns of squatter residents who have emerged on the urban landscape. Only recently has attention shifted t...
by | On 23 Jan 2017 Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a harmonized tax regime and it can curb black money through practicing clean "invoices" to redeem input credit. In the Union Budget 2017, central government may announc...
by Lekha Chakraborty | On 23 Jan 2017 Demonetisation of INR 500 and INR 1,000 notes in India on November 8, 2016 is different from
many other countries’ scrapping of high value notes in two respects – the withdrawal of their
legal tende...
by Ashok K. Lahiri | On 02 Jan 2017 There is an enormous mismatch between expectation and reality on this issue. Some people seem to assume that India could quickly go cashless during this period of remonetisation of cash. This prematur...
by Shyam Sundar | On 27 Dec 2016 This note lists the legislative business planned by Parliament and compares it with the actual performance during Winter Session 2016.
by Kusum Malik | On 19 Dec 2016 The Second National Workshop on Informalisation of Employment in the Health Sector organized by the Public Services International (PSI), Jan Swasthya Abhiyan (JSA) and United Nurses Union (UNA) took p...
by Kavita Bhatia | On 15 Dec 2016 The urbanization is a process which urban social and urban civilization forming gradually. On the way of urbanization, we develop the economy first and improve the quality of people’s life later. Alth...
by | On 14 Dec 2016 After the demonetization, it has become difficult to make payments through cash. How make digital payments is explained here. [MoEF].
by Niti Aayog GOI | On 14 Dec 2016 The study attempted to investigate the determinants of inflation in case of
Pakistan and to check the validity of monetarist stance that inflation is always
and everywhere a monetary phenomenon by i...
by Mehak Moazam | On 07 Dec 2016 This study investigates the consequences of poor implementation in public workfare programs, focusing
on the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) in India. Using
national...
by Sudha Narayanan | On 29 Nov 2016 A silent revolution is sweeping the country. That is because, the
payment systems has been evolving and changes have been
continuous over the last 35 years, it has rarely got noticed as a
revolutio...
by R. Gandhi | On 17 Nov 2016 Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha will meet for the Winter Session between November 16 and
December 16, 2016. There will be a total of 22 sittings.
The agenda for legislation includes ten Bills for consider...
by Kusum Malik | On 14 Nov 2016 Beyond the issue of unaccounted monies lying overseas, however, is the issue of unaccounted monies lying in India and what is perceived to be the parallel economy. There is, of course, this issue of w...
by FICCI Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Indu | On 09 Nov 2016 The study focuses on four industries, which were identified by the Government as the growth poles of Mauritius’ economy: sugar agriculture, textiles, tourism (hotels) and financial services.3 The empl...
by International Labour Organization [ILO] | On 08 Nov 2016 The aim of this study
is to value, in monetary units, coastal and marine ecosystem services in India. The
reasons for doing so are two–fold: i) the destruction and degradation of coastal
ecosystems...
by K. S. Kavi Kumar | On 25 Oct 2016 This brief outlines a particular iteration of a compact approach that incorporates critical components—such as shared outcomes for refugees, host country ownership and focus on longer-term transition,...
by Cindy Huang | On 10 Oct 2016 The rapid rise of service sector in India, as in its developing counterparts in Asia, follows the pattern of skipped
industrialization and raises concern for sustaining economic growth in India. Whil...
by K L Krishna | On 10 Oct 2016 Migration is a complex issue which has been a subject of keen interest for many years to sociologists, anthropologists, demographers, economists and political scientists. The migrants who work out of...
by | On 29 Sep 2016 The productivity spillovers of industry-level FDI on both, the sector of manufacturing and
the sector of services, in seventeen South and East Asian economies. Using a dynamic panel
GMM methodology,...
by Nadia Doytch | On 29 Sep 2016 The poor do not consume as much water as the rest of the population, but despite the promises, despite the bland assertions of politicians and policy makers, they can and frequently do pay for what li...
by | On 16 Sep 2016 FDI productivity and technology spill over theories were developed during a period when manufacturing sector dominated FDI flows, and European and the US MNEs enjoyed higher productivity levels compar...
by N S Siddharthan | On 11 Sep 2016 This paper provides evidence of effectiveness for performance pay among government caregivers to improve child health in India. In a controlled study of 160 daycare centers serving over 4,000 children...
by | On 29 Aug 2016 The Monsoon Session of Parliament concluded on August 12, 2016. The session had 20 sittings, during which various
Bills were passed, including a Constitutional Amendment Bill enabling the levy of a G...
by Kusum Malik | On 16 Aug 2016 A bill to provide for mental healthcare and services for persons with mental illness and to protect,
promote and fulfil the rights of such persons during delivery of mental healthcare
and services a...
by Rajya Sabha Secretariat | On 10 Aug 2016 Landscapes of persons who constitute the shifting world in which we live: tourists, immigrants, refugees, guest workers and other moving groups and persons constitute the essential feature of the worl...
by | On 09 Aug 2016 India is moving towards introducing a Goods and Services Tax (GST). The GST
would be a multistage comprehensive value added tax (VAT) encompassing both
goods and services. Given the federal structur...
by Sacchidananda Mukherjee | On 09 Aug 2016 This paper captures the payment gap by integrating labor market performance with that of family decision making practices. We conjecture that women from patriarchal families are earning less than men...
by Sukanya Sarkhel | On 04 Aug 2016 This paper makes use of the most recent social pension reform in rural China to examine whether receipt of the pension payment equips adult children of pensioners to migrate. Employing a regression di...
by Xi Chen | On 11 Jul 2016 Indian government launched the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY), a national health insurance scheme, in 2008 that provides cashless health services to poor households in India. The scheme is eval...
by Mehtabul Azam | On 11 Jul 2016 The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of Panchayati Raj Institutions in Health Care System in the State of Kerala with a special reference to impact of duality and role of bureaucr...
by Jacob John | On 29 Jun 2016 This paper attempts to analyse the transition in the healthcare sector during the last two decades linking it to the interventions of Local Self Governments (LSGs). It was found that decentralisation...
by | On 29 Jun 2016 In this paper investigates the success of banking reforms in India where significant banking reforms have been introduced since 1990s. Using the argument that well functioning credit markets would ref...
by Sumon Kumar Bhaumik | On 27 Jun 2016 The present report is a result of efforts that were spread over a period of more than a year (2013
– 2014) and included two national level consultations and sharing meetings held in Delhi, visit to m...
by Simpreet . | On 23 Jun 2016 There was a felt to revise the National Forest Policy, 1988
to integrate the vision of sustainable forest management
based on the principles of ecosystem approach,
landscape level planning and the...
by Indian Institute of Forest Management IIFM | On 21 Jun 2016 India’s expanding partnership with Afghanistan has grown into multi-sectoral activities in all parts of Afghanistan. India’s reconstruction and developmental programmes in Afghanistan follow prioritie...
by Ministry of External Affairs, GoI MEA | On 21 Jun 2016 The sustainable management and restoration of our landscapes – achieving land degradation neutrality - will deliver many co-benefits. From biodiversity conservation and combating climate change to ens...
by | On 17 Jun 2016 This study, based on analysis of secondary data, assesses the current state of electricity access in PHCs and rural primary schools. Given the increasing policy support for solar energy in India, it a...
by | On 02 Jun 2016 Today, more than half of international trade is regulated through preferential trade agreements (PTAs). While in the past, these agreements served as tools to eliminate further tariffs between the pa...
by | On 01 Jun 2016 The riskiness of random processes is compared by (a) employing a
decision-theoretic equivalence between processes and lotteries on path spaces to identify the riskiness of the former with that of the...
by Sudhir A. Shah | On 26 May 2016 Climate mitigation programmes and finance mechanisms like Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) must engage millions of forest farmers if they are to halt deforestation...
by Jeffrey Campbell | On 25 May 2016 Rapid degradation of peri-urban ecosystems is resulting in a loss of associated ecosystem services. Water provision, storm- and waste-water regulation, along with protection from natural disasters and...
by Rockeffeller Foundation RF | On 25 May 2016 This paper examines the evidence on service innovation using the 2012 Census of Philippine Business and Industry and the 2009 Pilot Survey of Innovation Activities. It reveals the wide variation in R&...
by | On 25 May 2016 Around 40 per cent of children remain undernourished with their growth and development impeded irrevocably, over the lifetime. Strong Constitutional, legislative policy, plan and programme commitments...
by Government of India Ministry of Women and Child Development | On 23 May 2016 This paper aims to sensitize the
stakeholders, concerned organization and citizens towards need and importance of regulating
SEPs as well as facilitating their availability at Fair, Reasonable and N...
by Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion DIPP | On 19 May 2016 As Filipinos elect their new president in one of most hotly contested elections in 30
years, the prospects of a maverick becoming their leader raises questions about the
return of strong-man rule an...
by Mely Caballero-Anthony | On 16 May 2016 The report of a high level committee led by Vijay Kelkar to promote balanced development in Maharashtra has several important recommendations. But will it all come to nought because of its failure to...
by | On 11 May 2016 The episode of volatility starting on May 22, 2013, when Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke first spoke of the possibility of the US central bank “tapering” its security purchases, had a sharp nega...
by Shekhar Shah | On 09 May 2016 Rivers in Kerala are assailed by pollution, sedimentation, sand mining, and constriction of flows. The indiscriminate and unscientific sand mining,
even in the midst of many regulatory and protective...
by Lakshmi Sreedhar | On 04 May 2016 The performance of Indian tribunals has been unsatisfactory. Yet, policy-makers continue to rely heavily on tribunals to achieve their end objective. One example of this are the tribunals which will a...
by | On 02 May 2016 This paper analyzes optimal strategies of an incumbent intermediary, who matches agents on the two
sides of a market, in the presence of entry threat under alternative scenarios.
by Rupayan Pal | On 02 May 2016 The paper examines the role payment systems can play in greater South Asian integration, including intra regional
trade facilitation. As payment systems become more sophisticated and thei...
by | On 02 May 2016 The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has published Draft Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2015. Some of the salient features of the Draft amendments Rules are The timeline in relation to placing the applic...
by Ministry of Commerce and Industry GOI | On 27 Apr 2016 The report ‘God’s Own Country, Moving Towards Universal Health Coverage in Kerala, Piloting in the Districts of Malappuram and Palakkad’, 2016 provides details and in-depth understanding of the Univer...
by Sunil Nandraj | On 21 Apr 2016 While Universal health coverage (UHC)is not new to India, it was only in 2011 that the government appointed a high level expert group to develop a strategy to achieve UHC. Many of the recommendations...
by Thiagrajan Sundararaman | On 12 Apr 2016 Empirical findings across a swathe of countries, advanced and emerging, confirm that the composition of government expenditure can have perceptible growth implications.
by Reserve Bank of India RBI | On 12 Apr 2016 This paper focuses on this agriculture-nutrition link in Nepal in the
context of the country’s decade-long civil conflict. Using panel household data from the Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS), co...
by Elizabeth Bageant | On 30 Mar 2016 There is no single method in impact evaluation that can always address the different aspects better than others. Importance of mixed design approach in impact evaluation studies arises with the need f...
by Navneet Kaur | On 21 Mar 2016 This report identifies four critical constraints to inclusive growth in the Maldives: (1) inadequate and poor quality maritime infrastructure that constrains connectivity, limits provision of basic go...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 17 Mar 2016 Existence of Environmental Kuznet’s Curve (EKC) is an empirical issue to analyze as evidence from the literature has been mixed. This study focuses on indoor air pollution generated from the use of fu...
by K.S. Kavi Kumar | On 16 Mar 2016 This paper tries to examine and assess the contribution of services towards India’s manufacturing exports at the firm level. The findings confirm that services have contributed to enhanced export comp...
by Sonia Mukherjee | On 15 Mar 2016 The education systems in Asia, including technical and vocational education and training (TVET), were well suited at the time to allow Asia to become the world’s assembly line. In simple terms, formal...
by Sungsup Ra | On 15 Mar 2016 Nuclear proliferation in Northeast Asia is shaping up to be one of the key security issues for the region. Following elections and leadership transitions in China, the US, South Korea and Japan, a rea...
by Sangsoo Lee | On 14 Mar 2016 Inclusive business (IB) is a private sector approach to providing goods, services, and livelihoods on a commercially viable basis, either at scale or scalable, to people at the base of the pyramid by...
by Roehlano M. Briones | On 14 Mar 2016 Controlling healthcare costs while promoting maximum health impact in the recipient countries is one the biggest challenges for global health donors. This paper views global health donors as the regul...
by Han Ye | On 14 Mar 2016 The paper tries to analyse the effect of religious composition on the provision of public services captured mainly by infrastructure index, of four types, (i) basic amenities such as water, housing an...
by Santanu Gupta | On 09 Mar 2016 Financial inclusion has rapidly ascended global development policy agendas. Between 2 billion and 2.5 billion adults worldwide do not use formal financial services, which a multifaceted coalition of a...
by Philip Mader | On 08 Mar 2016 The United Nations, in its new report The Globalization of Crime, underscored the urgency of combating organised crime. The report examines major trafficking flows of drugs, firearms, counterfeit pro...
by S. Rajaratnam International Studies | On 04 Mar 2016 The Finance Minister of Bihar, Mr. Abdul Bari Siddiqui, presented the Budget for Bihar for the financial year 2016-17.
by Arvind Gayam | On 03 Mar 2016 This paper examines developments in literacy and education in Palanpur. We consider schooling facilities and other related services available in this village and its neighbourhood. Schooling levels ar...
by Ruth Kattumuri | On 01 Mar 2016 The study followed a participatory and interactive approach to critically analyze the situation (state of knowledge demands and supply), stakeholder‘s alignment, consequences, conflicts and areas of c...
by | On 29 Feb 2016 This paper examines the performance of India’s services sector; the recent policy reforms in some important services sectors; issues and suggestions in services sector and in particular the four impor...
by H.A.C. Prasad | On 29 Feb 2016 Providing essential services to Asia’s booming cities is becoming more difficult. With over 100,000 people thought to be moving to the region’s urban spaces every day, the demands on cities are beco...
by J. Ewing | On 27 Feb 2016 This paper aims to first build a deeper understanding of the emergence of Basel banking norms (Basel I), and the transition to each of the subsequent regulations (Basel II and Basel III). The primary...
by Akshay Uday Shenoy | On 27 Feb 2016 The dynamics of the monetary system is undergoing significant changes in India. The entire concept and flow of money; narrow, broad or base, is being influenced by measures related to financial inclus...
by Charan Singh | On 27 Feb 2016 Differences in political ideology might lead to different views about the role of the state in the provision of public services across countries, or even in the same country over time.2 At the same ti...
by Ehtisham Ahmad | On 26 Feb 2016 In India, agriculture is inherently a risky venture due to uncertainty in production and volatility in price, and more so in the context of increased climatic aberrations and globalisation. Therefore,...
by Dr Mamata Swain | On 26 Feb 2016 This article analyzes the location determinants of foreign direct investment in services, both theoretically and empirically. It hypothesizes four sets of factors as the location determinants of FDI i...
by Feng Yin | On 26 Feb 2016 As a central effort in the Global Challenge Initiative on Economic Growth and Social Inclusion, this is a “how to guide” for companies to create social and business value. Drawn from a series of works...
by World Economic Forum [WEF] | On 26 Feb 2016 While the national average for maternal and child health services utilization shows improvement, the Philippines is yet to achieve the MDG targets for maternal and child health. This study shows inequ...
by Rouselle F. Lavado | On 25 Feb 2016 Dependent population is defined as that part of the population that does not work and relies on others for the goods and services they consume. In practice, specific population age groups have in thei...
by Rachel Racelis | On 25 Feb 2016 Under the World Trade Organization, the Philippines has maintained special treatment for rice, which expires on July 2017. Tariffication will involve greater competition from imports and the decline o...
by Roehlano M. Briones | On 25 Feb 2016 The principle of non-discrimination which comprises national treatment and most-favored-nation (MFN) treatment is an important pillar of the multilateral trading system. The World Trade Organization (...
by Sherzod Shadikhodjaev | On 25 Feb 2016 There is a growing emphasis on the role of trade in health services (telehealth, health tourism and retirement, investments and deployment of medical professionals) in easing fiscal constraints, gener...
by Maria Cherry Rodolfo | On 25 Feb 2016 Despite some recovery in recent years, Central Asian Republics (CARs) remain in difficult economic situation and they present a serious challenge to Asia. It is in the mutual interest of both CARs and...
by Ramgopal Agarwala | On 24 Feb 2016 The Copenhagen Summit in December 2009 failed to yield a concrete, politically-binding agreement among states to reduce carbon emissions in order to mitigate climate change. This is so despite the wid...
by S. Rajaratnam International Studies | On 24 Feb 2016 In this report 10 sites from seven landscapes are assessed located in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, for their potential to harbour viable reintroduc...
by Wildlife Institute of India | On 24 Feb 2016 This paper is based on field work experiences with Masan Jogi community living in Mumbai city, which is a De-Notified Tribe. There is lack of awareness and knowledge about these communities.
by . Anjana | On 24 Feb 2016 The loss of ecosystem services due to industrial pollution in the Noyyal River Basin was estimated through physical research studies of water and soil quality and bio-mapping followed by economic valu...
by Paul Appasamy | On 23 Feb 2016 Much of the attention on institutional development within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has focused on the progress in establishing the ASEAN Political-Security Community (APSC)....
by | On 23 Feb 2016 Adequate supplies of natural resources have always been preconditions for economic growth. The requirements for energy and metallic mineral resources have been larger and more obvious with the modern...
by Dominic Meagher | On 23 Feb 2016 This paper reviews and highlights lessons from the stabilisation and reform programme that Thailand, Malaysia and Korea implemented in response to the 1997 crisis. The three countries’ rapid recovery...
by Kanit Sangsubhan | On 23 Feb 2016 Domestic work is often excluded from the protections afforded to migrant workers through national and international laws, and this has led to exploitation and abuse. This NTS Insight investigates the...
by | On 22 Feb 2016 A key lesson of the 2007–2009 global financial crisis (GFC) was the importance of containing systemic financial risk and the need for a “macroprudential” approach to surveillance and regulation that c...
by Masahiro Kawai | On 22 Feb 2016 This paper discusses the financial landscape of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a region engaged in building an economic community (a “single market and production base”) by 2015....
by Choong Lee | On 21 Feb 2016 The South Asia region is home to the largest pool of individuals living under the poverty line, coupled with a fast-growing population. The importance of access to basic infrastructure services on wel...
by Dan Biller | On 21 Feb 2016 This paper studies the credit market implications and real effects of one the largest borrower bailout programs in history, enacted by the government of India against the backdrop of the 2008–2009 fin...
by Xavier Giné | On 21 Feb 2016 The rise of regional monetary arrangements poses a challenge for the International Monetary Fund (IMF)'s global surveillance efforts. This paper reviews how the IMF has responded to earlier regional i...
by Barry Eichengreen | On 21 Feb 2016 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is expected to benefit from the significant growth in the Asia-Pacific payments market. Growth in economic activity would increase the size, scale, a...
by Tanai Khiaonarong | On 21 Feb 2016 MarijkHuysman bases her lecture on the importance of accessible and effective urban waste collection services for public health, environmental conditions, productivity and aesthetics of cities. Yet ev...
by | On 19 Feb 2016 The chequered but ongoing political efforts to introduce a uniform Goods & Services Tax (GST) throughout India should actually be seen through a larger economic prism. The current sense of urgency, re...
by | On 19 Feb 2016 Services have been a key driver of overall economic growth in South Asia since the 1990s. This paper examines how the growth of services output, trade and investment have affected service sector emplo...
by Rupa Chanda | On 19 Feb 2016 Reanalyses data sets, being temporally and spatially complete and available on six hourly timescales, are extremely convenient to use. Real observations represent the climate system with greater fidel...
by Richard Washington | On 18 Feb 2016 Most countries depend on three “food taps” – imports, self-production, reserve stocks – to make food available. All countries import some amount of food to meet their increasingly diverse dietary dema...
by | On 17 Feb 2016 ASEAN’s normative framework is underpinned by the principle of non-interference which generally relates to political and security issues. Another regional norm is that leaders attempt to formulate com...
by | On 17 Feb 2016 This paper describes the structure and construction of a social accounting matrix (SAM) for Pakistan for 001-02. A SAM is an internally consistent extended set of national accounts that disaggregates...
by Paul Dorosh | On 17 Feb 2016 Educational outcomes of children are highly dependent on household and school-level inputs. In poor countries remittances from migrants can provide additional funds for the education of the left behin...
by Lisa Höckel | On 17 Feb 2016 The increasing variability of seasonal climate and increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events that are expected to accompany climate change will impact agricultural production and fo...
by Ruby Policarpio | On 17 Feb 2016 Haze from Indonesian fires has again blanketed Singapore and Malaysia. Prevention strategies are improving, but will likely take years to become truly effective.
by | On 16 Feb 2016 The current Southeast Asian haze problem is not a function of the lack of commitment on the part of President Jokowi’s government. The ineffectiveness of forest fire prevention and response lies deepe...
by | On 16 Feb 2016 The study has been carried out to measure the incidence of government spending on health in Pakistan at provincial, both rural and urban level; using the primary data of the Pakistan Social Standard L...
by Muhammad Akram | On 16 Feb 2016 A majority of leading oil and gas companies are far from transparent when it comes to the payments they make to resource-rich countries, leaving the door open to corruption and hampering efforts to fi...
by Transparency International TI | On 14 Feb 2016 Is household income enough for human development or should government direct resources towards the provision of social services to improve capabilities of individuals? The former is emphasised by the...
by Rizwana Siddiqui | On 14 Feb 2016 Encouraging Taliban attacks on NATO, leaders of the Pakistan military and its intelligence service are impatient for the US to abandon the war in Afghanistan. The Pakistani goal is to prevent a pro-In...
by Bruce Riedel | On 14 Feb 2016 Private schooling in India has expanded rapidly in the past decade. However, few studies have looked at its implications for educational quality. Using data from the recently collected India Human Dev...
by Sonalde Desai | On 14 Feb 2016 The purpose of this paper is to document the emergence and growth of FDI in health services, and to discuss its drivers, potential benefits and risks associated with this FDI, as well as policy issues...
by Zbigniew Zimny | On 13 Feb 2016 This paper seeks to explain disparities in delivery care across districts by focusing on three factors: marriage and kinship patterns; district wealth; governance and quality services. It examines the...
by Sonalde Desai | On 12 Feb 2016 There is great regional variation on utilization of maternal health care services across India. While regional differences have long been established, why women in some states are more likely to utili...
by Sonalde Desai | On 12 Feb 2016 Globally, there are 26 ongoing armed conflicts and nearly one sixth of the world’s population lives in so-called ‘weak governance’ zones.1 In 2009 alone, the United Nations estimated that 42 million p...
by Transparency International TI | On 12 Feb 2016 Corruption in the provision of basic services can have disproportionate and negative consequences for women and girls, compromising their own empowerment as well as the gender equality and development...
by Transparency International TI | On 12 Feb 2016 This report highlights that free trade can benefit the poor of Asia-Pacific if countries adopt bold new policies that harness trade and economic growth to promote people’s well-being. It also highligh...
by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | On 12 Feb 2016 In Davos 2012, business leaders reviewed the output of The Future of Manufacturing project, which asked How are global value chains evolving? The Manufacturing for Growth initiative asks What should b...
by | On 11 Feb 2016 Bonus continues to be an important component of the pay mix of employees. This practice is followed by most of the organizations to keep employees committed, motivated and dedicated towards their orga...
by | On 10 Feb 2016 As the world enters a new millennium, Northeast Asia has been witnessing the rising risk of nuclear weapons proliferation. This paper examines each of the specific risks that Northeast Asia is confron...
by | On 09 Feb 2016 Like other cities, Bangalore suffers from fragmentation of government health services, with institutions and outreach services run by BBMP, the
State Health Department, the State Medical Education d...
by Sudha Nagavarapu | On 09 Feb 2016 The North Korean nuclear issue has become increasingly intractable. The Six Party Talks have stalled since December 2008, while North Korea’s nuclear program has continued apace. On the one hand, the...
by | On 08 Feb 2016 This paper addresses the question of whether it is possible to balance the need for a free flow of information across borders with legitimate government concerns related to public order, consumer priv...
by | On 08 Feb 2016 Forests and trees enhance and protect landscapes, ecosystems and production systems. They provide goods and services which are essential to the survival and well-being of all humanity. Forest genetic...
by Food and Agricultural Organization [FAO] | On 08 Feb 2016 We investigate how, in temporary economic hardship, agents change their consumption of health services, and how this depends on whether the service is universally free-of-charge visits to GP’s or priv...
by Nicolai Kristensen | On 07 Feb 2016 Empirically observed intertemporal choices about money have long been thought to exhibit present bias, i.e. higher short-term compared to long-term discount rates. Recently, this view has been called...
by Uttara Balakrishnan | On 07 Feb 2016 Today’s climate financing landscape poses a number of governance challenges. It is characterised by fragmentation and weak coordination, begging better clarity, connectivity and accountability for tho...
by Transparency International TI | On 07 Feb 2016 This study was undertaken to analyze the magnitude of awareness, perception, practices, and demand for safe drinking water. The study further elaborated HHs Willingness to Pay (WTP) for improved water...
by Iftikhar Ahmad | On 06 Feb 2016 Given the importance of Consumer Price Index (CPI), there has been long debate on its measurement issues. It is the best and most well-known indicator of inflation, which is further used for evaluatin...
by Mahmood Khalid | On 06 Feb 2016 The present study examines the determinants of payment mode choice and deal amounts in financial and nonfinancial sectors mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in Pakistan, undertaken during period 2005–2012...
by Yasmeen Akhtar | On 03 Feb 2016 Since the spirit of Islam is in stark and violent conflict with the spirit of Capitalism, the form taken by institutions designed to express this spirit must also be different. Capitalist financial in...
by Asad Zaman | On 03 Feb 2016 Urbanization has been progressing quickly in Indonesia and the consequences on health and health inequities are still not well understood. In this paper, new empirical evidence is presented on the dif...
by Matthias Helble | On 02 Feb 2016 The Karakoram-Pamir Landscape lies at the junction between the black Karakoram mountains, which mostly lie within Pakistan, and the grey Pamir mountains, which mostly lie within China. It is known for...
by Eklabya Sharma | On 02 Feb 2016 By 2020, road accidents are expected to be the third highest cause of death and disability globally. Transport safety concerns in poor countries have focused mainly on roads and motorised traffic, but...
by International Forum for Rural Transport and Develo IFRTD | On 01 Feb 2016 Sri Lanka has about 120,000 engineered rural waterway crossings (such as bridges) and another 250,000 non-engineered crossings built and maintained by communities. Because of a lack of financial and h...
by Granie Jayalath | On 01 Feb 2016 Access to clean water is central to healthy and productive lives for the poor. Yet at the beginning of the 21st Century over one billion people still lack this vital resource (WWC, 2000). A decade ago...
by Water Policy Programme WPP | On 01 Feb 2016 This report is a compilation of examples of the budget work undertaken by nongovernmental
organizations from around the world. Although many of these organizations are
new to budget analysis, they h...
by International Budget Partnership IBP | On 01 Feb 2016 In just over a year, the mid-2007 sub-prime housing debacle in the United States has escalated into a global financial crisis and pushed the world economy into recession arguably the deepest since Wor...
by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs | On 31 Jan 2016 In addition to providing multiple services and goods, forests can play a key role in tackling climate change. Forestry, as defined by the IPCC accounts for around 17.4 per cent of global GHG emissions...
by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs | On 31 Jan 2016 The United Nations estimates that more than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. It is expected that the proportion of city dwellers globally will have risen to three quarters by 2050,...
by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs | On 31 Jan 2016 The United States is the largest exporter of many key commodities leading to a significant impact on international markets. In this paper Bruce Babcock and Nick Paulson examine what proposed changes i...
by | On 30 Jan 2016 This study analyses the linkages between India’s services trade flow and its probable barriers. The results of the analysis show that the linkages between services export and services trade barriers a...
by Prabir De | On 30 Jan 2016 Pakistan’s economy has witnessed occasional spurts in economic growth, unfortunately, the economic growth has not been sustainable. One of the culprits often cited for haphazard growth experience of P...
by Ahmed Waqar Qasim | On 30 Jan 2016 This Handbook on “Work with Children of Prisoners” attempts to document the experience of working with children of prisoners staying with their mothers inside as well as those left outside. These chil...
by Prayas NGO | On 30 Jan 2016 South Asia has attracted global attention because it has experienced rapid GDP growth over the last two decades. What is not so well known is that South Asia is the least integrated region in the worl...
by Ejaz Ghani | On 29 Jan 2016 This paper draws recommendations for transboundary and participatory biodiversity conservation from ICIMOD’s pioneering Kangchenjunga Conservation Landscape Initiative. The Kangchenjunga landscape, sh...
by Karma Phuntsho | On 28 Jan 2016 Phobjikha Valley, a wetland situated on the western slopes of Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park, is an important wintering habitat for the vulnerable Black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis). One of t...
by International Centre for Integrated Mountain Devel ICIMOD | On 28 Jan 2016 This note looks beyond the parameters of a three-tier public health care system, to the supportive institutional arrangements necessary for provision of effective and accountable services to improve h...
by Shomikho Raha | On 28 Jan 2016 This publication incorporates all the discussions on marginal and small farmers such as micro financing for agricultural value chains, MahilaKisanSashaktikaranPariyojna, MF for small farmers through e...
by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | On 27 Jan 2016 The research study highlights the financial inclusion needs of cycle rickshaw pullers in India. These include access to service sectors; improvement of asset base; employment of their women; increase...
by | On 27 Jan 2016 The paper reviews the payment guidelines issued by the Reserve Bank of India, global experiences for non-banks in payments and the lessons therefrom. It also outlines the recent developments in financ...
by | On 27 Jan 2016 The policy paper examines the financing for Farmer Producer Organisations and offers recommendations to initiate discussion by the policymakers, financiers and practitioners to design appropriate poli...
by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | On 27 Jan 2016 The EMPHASIS project (Enhancing Mobile Populations’ Access to HIV and
AIDS Services, Information and Support) has provided a diverse range of services to crossborder migrants in India, Nepal and Bang...
by Prabodh Devkota | On 27 Jan 2016 This report is the outcome of a collective effort to bring children under six closer to the centre of attention in public debates and democratic politics. The report builds on a field survey of the In...
by | On 27 Jan 2016 This paper analyses the role of services in international trade through the lens of global value chains (GVCs). Services account for more than 70% of world GDP but only for around 20% of world trade i...
by Rainer Lanz | On 26 Jan 2016 While greater focus has been cast on analysis of policy changes affecting trade in goods in the aftermath of the financial crisis, little is known about the direction of policies affecting trade in se...
by Martin Roy | On 26 Jan 2016 This paper attempts to make contribution by providing an overview of services classification and highlighting its relevance to both trade negotiations and WTO dispute settlement. It consists of four s...
by Ruosi Zhang | On 26 Jan 2016 Some innovations within the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) have demonstrated significant improvements in the nutritional status of children. This note discusses four such innovations, as...
by Ashi Kohli Kathuria | On 26 Jan 2016 The poor are not uniformly disadvantaged. For the most health indicators, the status of ‘excluded groups’ such as scheduled caste and scheduled tribes, and Muslims is significantly worse than that of...
by Sukhade Thorat | On 26 Jan 2016 Ensuring sustainable access to basic services in urban India has continued to remain a major challenge for civic bodies. A fast growing urban population has exerted great pressure on the provisioning...
by Keshab Das | On 26 Jan 2016 This study reports high positive correlation between FDI inflows and Bangladesh’s aggregate exports and imports. The net impact on the current account balance and the balance of payments is positive....
by Muhammad Amir Hossain | On 23 Jan 2016 The report identifies four future scenarios of this complex waste/resource management landscape using tools from Foresight methods and political economy analysis. We also identify the dynamics within...
by Ashish Chaturvedi | On 23 Jan 2016 Information and communications technology (ICT)-based reforms are increasingly being used to improve the delivery of public services. The main question which the research reported here addressed is th...
by Anuradha Joshi | On 23 Jan 2016 Social conflicts have been solved through fiscal policy and the provision of public goods and services over the centuries. Data from India, too, show government expenditure on social services has had...
by Institute of Development Studies IDS | On 23 Jan 2016 World trade has experienced a significant slowdown since the 2008 financial crisis. Over this period, the global ratio of trade expansion to income growth has halved. An effective global trade and inv...
by World Economic Forum [WEF] | On 22 Jan 2016 In India, institutional arrangements around climate finance have mostly followed national policy responses to climate change. This paper maps the emergence of climate change policy in India and subseq...
by Vyoma Jha | On 21 Jan 2016 Very recent years India has witnessed wide-ranging economic reforms in her policies governing international trade and FDI flows. As per the findings of the paper, some of the important determinants of...
by Ram Upendra Das | On 21 Jan 2016 The 2009 World Survey on the Role of Women in Development addresses the important theme of “Women’s control over economic resources and access to financial resources, including microfinance”. The Worl...
by UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs UNDESA | On 20 Jan 2016 This paper: (i) examines long-term care (LTC) protection in 46 developing and developed countries covering 80 per cent of the world’s population; (ii) provides (data on LTC coverage for the population...
by Xenia Scheil-Adlung | On 19 Jan 2016 The paper provides an overview of the inequities in health outcomes and their variation across regional, social, and economic groups. It seeks to explain these variations by focusing on health service...
by | On 18 Jan 2016 The conclusion of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) negotiations has major implications for India, which is aspiring for a larger role in the regional architecture of the Asia-Pacific. India will ha...
by Amitendu Palit | On 10 Jan 2016 The paper presents the theoretical canvass emphasising the need to adopt an integrated approach towards trade in goods, trade in services and investment in a regional framework. In this context, rules...
by Ram Upendra Das | On 09 Jan 2016 The Trade and Development Report 2014: Global Governance and Policy Space for Development examines recent trends in the global economy, with a focus on growth, trade and commodity prices.The Report hi...
by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD | On 09 Jan 2016 India’s current trade negotiations have three agreements as top priorities. Two of these the India ASEAN services agreement and the bilateral trade and investment agreement with the European Union (EU...
by Laldinkima Sailo | On 09 Jan 2016 This work examines the influence of reforms in the 1990s regarding the agricultural development in India. Many studies have analysed the impact of these reforms but most of them focused on foreign tra...
by Marion Künzler | On 08 Jan 2016 Pakistan is among those countries, which have very high deforestation rate. The remaining forests are very diverse in nature and of significant importance for the country’s economy and livelihoods of...
by Tanvir Ali | On 08 Jan 2016 Trade integration and free trade agreement (FTA)-led cooperation between Asia and Latin America has increased since the early 2000s. Using new criteria, this paper examines whether Asia-Latin America...
by Ganeshan Wignaraja | On 07 Jan 2016 The paper looks at some issue-based plurilateral agreements — such as the Information Technology Agreement (ITA), the Financial Services and Basic Telecommunication Services Agreements, and the Anti-C...
by Michitaka Nakatomi | On 07 Jan 2016 The Survey on Good Local Governance is a 38-item survey that aims to obtain a broader data to help set the agenda for local government reforms in the Philippines. It covers the following: citizen perc...
by The Asia Foundation | On 02 Jan 2016 While official poverty in Indonesia is relatively low at 12%, an additional 27% of the population live just above the poverty line and small shocks can drive them back into poverty. Poor and vulnerabl...
by Kefei You | On 01 Jan 2016 While official poverty in Indonesia is relatively low at 12%, an additional 27% of the population live just above the poverty line and small shocks can drive them back into poverty. Poor and vulnerabl...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 01 Jan 2016 Myanmar is expected to grow at least 6.8% per year in the coming years. Accompanying this growth will be an increase in demand for infrastructure services, including ICT-related services, both for co...
by Kee-Yung Nam | On 01 Jan 2016 A study of how PPPs have been employed by ADB developing member countries in Asia and the Pacific identified seven initiatives that adopted the underlying principles of PPP in developing and deliverin...
by Jouko Sarvi | On 01 Jan 2016 The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) was set up in 2003 with the objectives of creating a single market and production base, enhancing equitable economic development as well as facilitating the integrat...
by Siowyue Chia | On 29 Dec 2015 Economic integration is being inhibited by the poor state of transport connectivity between Bangladesh, and South Asia and Southeast Asia. This study reviews connectivity initiatives of Bangladesh and...
by Mustafizur Rahman | On 23 Dec 2015 Sri Lanka has achieved a high level of financial inclusion compared to other South Asian countries. Its financial sector comprises a wide range of financial institutions providing financial services s...
by Saman Kelegama | On 23 Dec 2015 The challenge of aligning higher education services (programs) with evolving labor market changes, and responding to knowledge-based economy of respective developing countries, has been difficult for...
by Jouko Sarvi | On 21 Dec 2015 Many low and middle-income countries have pluralistic health systems with a variety of providers of health-related goods and services in terms of their level of training, their ownership (public or pr...
by Henry Lucas | On 16 Dec 2015 This report marks the fifth anniversary of the UN Millennium Declaration and the tenth anniversary of the Beijing Platform for Action. It argues that unless governments and policymakers pay more atten...
by Martha Chen | On 16 Dec 2015 Main causes of inpatient death and uncured discharges are concerned by all stakeholders of healthcare sector. This paper studies determinants of inpatient death and uncured discharges in China. Based...
by Qiao Yu | On 16 Dec 2015 The “Progress of the World's Women 2008/2009: Who Answers to Women?” demonstrates that one of the most powerful constraints on realizing women's rights and achieving the Millennium Development Goals (...
by | On 07 Dec 2015 A fair deal on climate change for developed and developing countries is identified by focusing not on equitable emissions quotas but on fair access to energy services.
by Nancy Birdsall | On 07 Dec 2015 This report argues that what is urgently needed is a tested but far from fully exploited approach to funding forest conservation: pay-for-performance transfers, under which public (and private) funder...
by Nancy Birdsall | On 03 Dec 2015 This report highlights the HIV crisis for vulnerable adolescents in Asia and the Pacific and what we can do to give them the support
they desperately need. If we fail to do this, the world will not g...
by United Nations Children's Fund UNICEF | On 01 Dec 2015 An important element of the socio-economic impact of HIV is
how it disproportionately affects women and girls, in terms of
their vulnerability to infection, constrained access to services
and the a...
by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | On 01 Dec 2015 What is the preogress report of Modi Government? Well, there are some good and bad reports. There are some good projects but the implementation part of it is slow.
by T.N. Ninan | On 28 Nov 2015 The Report brings out the different aspects of the insolvency laws which has a two-fold purpose- (i) to give relief to the debtor from the harassment of his creditors whose claims he is unable to meet...
by Ministry of Law and Justice GOI | On 25 Nov 2015 Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha will meet for the Winter Session between November 26th and December 23rd, 2015. The legislative agenda includes 19 Bills currently
pending in Parliament for consideration an...
by Kusum Malik | On 25 Nov 2015 This paper makes the case that the growth trajectory of the Indian economy in the post-1991 liberalization period is characterised by an inherent source of instability in manufacturing and industrial...
by | On 20 Nov 2015 What the government should is to concentrate on economic issues with diversionary issues being put back in the cupboard.
by T.N. Ninan | On 07 Nov 2015 Current status of the urban co-operative banking in India, how it reached there, what recent initiatives the Reserve Bank has taken to strengthen the
sector and what is the way forward. [Speech deliv...
by R. Gandhi | On 04 Nov 2015 Our tradition of debate in an environment of respect and tolerance. By upholding it, by fighting for it, the students can repay their teachers and your parents. And you will be doing our country a gre...
by Raghuram G. Rajan | On 03 Nov 2015 Water, sanitation and hygiene services are central to addressing poverty, livelihoods and health. They are also critical in addressing the needs of poor communities and in achieving the Millennium Dev...
by M.V. Ramachandrudu | On 29 Oct 2015 This paper examines policies for the support of families with children, in particular child-related financial transfers and early childhood education and care (ECEC) services. The analysis is mainly f...
by Mary Daly | On 21 Oct 2015 This paper examines the multi-dimensional nature of urban poverty with special emphasis on ill-health led deprivation. As a driver of poverty, ill-health reduces the income earning potential and incre...
by Samik Chowdhury | On 20 Oct 2015 This case study documents key gender equality issues as well as key achievements and lessons from a project carried out in post conflict Sri Lanka as part of urgently needed reconstruction. The Improv...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 16 Oct 2015 The study analyses a rural household’s decision to participate in a public pre-school intervention called the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS), and evaluates its impact on anthropometric out...
by Meenakshi J V | On 15 Oct 2015 E-retailing has exponentially grown in the past decade. Alongside, consumer
grievances have also started surfacing. The Consumer Protection Bill, 2015
addresses this by giving the right to the consu...
by Akhileshwar Pathak | On 15 Oct 2015 A bill to provide for adequate protection of the interests of consumers and for prevention of unfair trade practices and for the said purposes to make provisions for establishment of the Consumer Prot...
by Lok Sabha Secretariat | On 13 Oct 2015 Improving maternal health has been a great challenge in developing countries like India. This study comprehends women’s perceptions of quality and satisfaction with maternal health care services. It w...
by Aditya Raj | On 12 Oct 2015 This paper on Urban Poverty in Asia looks at the different dimensions of poverty in Asia, both income and nonincome, its two main regions, including a brief account of who and what class of people are...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 09 Oct 2015 What the government needs to do, perhaps, is to spell out an action agenda for the next four months, in the run-up to the 2016 Budget.
by T.N. Ninan | On 02 Oct 2015 This report presents the findings of an operations research study conducted to assess the implementation of the Government of Bangladesh’s National Nutrition Services Program (NNS) and to identify the...
by Nkosinathi V.N. Mbuya | On 01 Oct 2015 Roughly 40 percent of the world’s poor live in South Asia, where poverty is basically a rural problem. Therefore, a significant gain in rural poverty reduction in this sub-region will be crucial to re...
by | On 30 Sep 2015 Urbanization provides South Asian countries with the potential to transform their economies to join the ranks of richer nations in both prosperity and livability, but a new World Bank report finds the...
by World Bank | On 25 Sep 2015 In this study, it is estimate the demand for sewage connections and piped drinking water in Bhutan. To estimate household willingness to pay for these services, the data is used from a sample of 18,76...
by | On 24 Sep 2015 There are several challenges before introduction of GST and these can be classified into two broad heads – a) GST Design and Structure related, and b) GST Administration and Institutional. On design r...
by Sacchidananda Mukherjee | On 24 Sep 2015 The Challenge of Slums presents the first global assessment of slums, emphasizing their problems and prospects. It presents estimates of the numbers of urban slum dwellers and examines the factors tha...
by United Nations Human Settlements Programme UN-Habitat | On 23 Sep 2015 Manufacturing has historically offered the fastest path out of poverty, but there is mounting evidence that this path may be all but closed to developing countries today. Some have suggested that ser...
by Amrit Amirapu | On 23 Sep 2015 The Services sector accounts over one half of India’s GDP. The examination of the Services sector at a reasonably disaggregated level is necessary because the services sector (tertiary sector) is very...
by | On 18 Sep 2015 The possibility of developing regional production networks in specific sectors
between nations of South Asia has been explored in this paper. The case
of the leather and leather goods cluster in T...
by Keshab Das | On 11 Sep 2015 In any health system, the health worker determines the nature and quality of services provided. Data demonstrate that most health systems across the globe face nursing shortages, varying across region...
by | On 07 Sep 2015 To elicit the public’s views on health system issues, the study conducted an opinion poll survey in Bangladesh, Mongolia, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. The study focused on health inequalities. The results sh...
by Bhatia Mrigesh | On 01 Sep 2015 One of the most important forces that have shaped India’s economy in the last two and a half decades is the process of globalization. This has been a world-wide phenomenon, and India could not have re...
by B.N. Goldar | On 24 Aug 2015 This study undertakes a choice experiment in order to identify differences in local demand for watershed services in the Koshi basin of Nepal. The paper first examines the possibility of using a non-m...
by Rajesh Kumar Rai | On 20 Aug 2015 This publication attempts to study major concepts of WTO and present some perspectives on Nepal’s membership in this rule based global trading organization. The chapters presents an introduction with...
by Nepal Rastra Bank NRB | On 17 Aug 2015 This paper reviews existing structural transformation models and prominent literatures and then empirically examines Nepalese economic structure. The research findings reveal that industrial sector is...
by | On 17 Aug 2015 This ILO paper highlights the relationship between inadequate mechanisms of recruitment and forced labour in its third Global Report on Forced Labour in 2009, stating that “there is growing awareness...
by Peter Swiniarski | On 12 Aug 2015 There may not be a single standard approach to developing the ICT-BPO sector, the successful experiences of developing countries can provide useful insights and practical lessons for countries contemp...
by Fatima Lourdes E. Del Prado | On 12 Aug 2015 This paper aims to provide APEC members with evidence-based guidance on the implementation of the APEC mandate. Theoretically, this approach addresses the free-rider problem. Free riders are countries...
by | On 28 Jul 2015 During the last two decades international trade in healthcare services has expanded under the GATS. Increasingly it has acquired new dimensions with application of advanced information and communicati...
by T.P. Bhat | On 23 Jul 2015 The domain of public economics is increasing as governments‘ policy goal is shifting from economic development to sustainable development. The government has to act as a trustee representing future ge...
by U. Sankar | On 22 Jul 2015 The objective of this paper is to understand the prospects of enhancing services trade, investment and co-operation between South and Southeast Asia, taking the example of India and Thailand, by focus...
by | On 13 Jul 2015 The audit report on ICDS has revealed that the policy of universalization of ICDS Scheme remained unattained and the Scheme could not achieve the desired goals. Hence, controller and auditor general d...
by Lok Sabha Secretariat | On 22 Jun 2015 Despite an expanding body of evidence suggesting that sustainable mental health care can be effectively integrated into existing health systems at relatively low cost, mental health has not received s...
by Barnabas J Gilbert | On 16 Jun 2015 This economic outlook by NCAER, analyses expected growth, inflation, balance of payments, fiscal balances, savings and investment trends, and covers the state of important sectors of the economy, inc...
by National Council of Applied Economic Research | On 15 Jun 2015 This Policy note gives an account of organization structure, functions, functionaries financial and physical performance of the department. The document aims to provide safe, reliable, affordable and...
by V. Senthilbalaji | On 10 Jun 2015 The recent developments in the area of payment systems in India is highlighted. There are some issues and challenges that are likely to assume importance in the foreseeable future and the way forwar...
by S.S. Mundra | On 04 Jun 2015 The paper aims to review the status of on-going National AIDS Control Programme with reference to objectives, strategies, plan initiatives, targets and outlays during 11th Five Year Plan and achieveme...
by National AIDS Control Programme NACP | On 25 May 2015 This reports reflects development in the fields of population, Human development index, labour and houses, employment, prices, agriculture, industry.
by Environmental Management & Policy Research Institute | On 24 Apr 2015 The objective of this Consultation Paper (CP) is to analyse the implications of the growth of OTTs and consider whether or not changes
are required in the current regulatory framework. To understand...
by Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) | On 13 Apr 2015 The new five year foreign trade policy, 2015-2020 provides a framework for increasing exports of goods and services as well as generation of employment and increasing value addition in the country. Th...
by Ministry of Commerce and Industry GOI | On 02 Apr 2015 In this paper People’s Republic of China’s (PRC’s) potential growth rate during the last 30 years is analysed. The PRC’s potential growth rate is not demand constrained, in particular by the balance...
by Juzhong Zhuang | On 27 Mar 2015 This document studies the Trade Policies and Institutions of BRICS, India and BRICS: issues of trade and technology; and examines the scope for deepening cooperation in services among BRICS members. T...
by | On 24 Mar 2015 his country brief highlights how ADB operations have helped support Bhutan’s efforts in advancing socioeconomic development.
Since Bhutan became a member in 1982, ADB has provided $486.29 million i...
by Asian Development Bank Institute | On 17 Mar 2015 The paper provides the Sri Lankan perspective of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) highlighting both the positive outcomes and the negative aspects. The paper shows that the FTA has worked in favor of Sr...
by Saman Kelegama | On 16 Mar 2015 The global strategy for women’s and children’s health reports the challenges on health and services provided to women and children around the world. It sets out the key areas where action is urgently...
by United Nations UN | On 03 Mar 2015 Ahead of the Union Budget, Civil Society Organizations ask for policy strategies to support drinking water and sanitation for vulnerable sections. Civil society budget groups, collectively as a networ...
by Centre for Budget and Governance Accountability | On 26 Feb 2015 India is a large user of financial services, by virtue of a large and growing GDP and a high rate of investment and savings. At present, India is con- suming financial services produced onshore as wel...
by Ministry of Finance | On 19 Feb 2015 Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services levels remain stubbornly low in rural India despite high levels of public expenditure during recent decades. In many areas, this is a result of service le...
by V Ratna Reddy | On 18 Feb 2015 Despite the steps towards gender responsive budgeting, the budgetary allocations for promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment show a decline. Not only has the magnitude of the gender budget a...
by | On 17 Feb 2015 The Delhi Human Development Report, 2013, has been structured around the theme ‘Improving Lives, Promoting Inclusion’. This theme encompasses all the fundamental concerns of human development that is,...
by | On 05 Feb 2015 A large body of research has attempted to explore the links between women's autonomy and their uptake of reproductive health services in the South Asia region, but the evidence so far is inconclusive...
by Xiaohui Hou | On 04 Feb 2015 The political economy of health care services in India has various dimensions. Multiple systems, various types of ownership patterns and different kinds of delivery structures make up a complex plural...
by Dr. Leena Gangolli | On 26 Dec 2014 Urbanization worldwide has been found to be an effective engine of economic
growth and socio-cultural development. In pure economic terms, urbanization
contributes significantly to the national econ...
by | On 17 Dec 2014 This paper focusses on the current health profile of the state of Maharashtra, and its performance as against other growth driven states like Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. Using parameters such as birth rat...
by Manisha Karne | On 21 Nov 2014 This paper reviews existing reform programs and strategies currently existing in agricultural extension in India. It distinguishes strategies that have been employed to strengthen both the supply and...
by Katharina Raabe | On 05 Nov 2014 Rapid human development progress in India, Bangladesh and other South Asian nations is helping drive a historic shift in global dynamics, with hundreds of millions of people rising from poverty and bi...
by Rameshwar Jat | On 26 Sep 2014 The objective of the study is to analyse the impact of provision of health care facilities on the child health status taking into account the utilization of these available facilities. The study offer...
by Runu Bhatka | On 19 Sep 2014 The National Population Policy, 2000 (NPP 2000) affirms the commitment of government towards voluntary and informed choice and consent of citizens while availing of reproductive health care services,...
by Government of Odisha | On 09 Sep 2014 New strategies are needed to address the impacts of rapid urbanisation around the world, including increasing demands for energy, water, sanitation, public services, education and health, according to...
by UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs UNDESA | On 21 Aug 2014 In 2014-15, the Indian economy is poised to overcome the sub-5 per cent growth of gross domestic product (GDP) witnessed over the last two years. The growth slowdown in the last two years was broad ba...
by Planning Commission | On 10 Jul 2014 This report documents how hundreds of thousands of girls in Indonesia, some as young as 11, are employed as domestic workers in other people’s households, performing tasks such as cooking, cleaning, l...
by Human Rights Watch | On 09 Jun 2014 Most of the trade between South Asia and Southeast Asia is by sea. However, with improved infrastructure and easier border crossing procedures, land traffic could grow to boost trade in goods, service...
by Jean-Francois Gautrin Gautrin | On 02 Jun 2014 In southern Nepal, rice straw burning in open fields is common practice. This is problematic because biomass burning contributes to smoke, black carbon and greenhouse gases. While some studies have ex...
by Krishna Prasad Pant | On 02 Jun 2014 One of the key challenges confronting organizations is to improve the talent pipeline of women in the organization. Anecdotal evidence from the IT industry in India appears to suggest that a number of...
by Vasanthi Srinivasan | On 23 May 2014 The rapid emergence of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector has placed India on the global stage during the last one and a half decades. e sector has acted as a catalyst for growt...
by Organization of and Development | On 23 May 2014 For some observers, the dramatic growth of the services sector in India reflects rapid strides made by educated professionals. Some others see it as the expansion of an employer of last resort. Given...
by Gaurav Nayyar | On 23 May 2014 Tthe first objective of this study is to construct a cost disability index in provision of developmental infrastructure. The second objective is rooted in the poor state of developmental infrastructur...
by Ritu Pandey | On 20 May 2014 Liberalisation of trade in environmental goods and services (EGS) has become a key issue at the complex and rapidly developing trade and environment interface. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) at it...
by Vijaya Katti | On 12 Mar 2014 The report considers the general market opportunities presented in the selected countries. It is based on desk research that drew on the most readily available and accessible information sourced from...
by UK DEVELOPMENT | On 12 Mar 2014 This study assessed the sources and levels of infrastructure financing in the Philippines for the
last five years (2008-2012). [PIDS Discussion Paper No. 2014-01].
by Adoracion M. Navarro | On 12 Mar 2014 Global trade in goods and services, which today amounts to more than $20 trillion, includes a significant amount of double counting. Raw material extracted in one country may be exported first to a se...
by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development | On 10 Mar 2014 This study identifies three priority areas for India's policymakers as they try to harness economic efficiency and manage spatial equity associated with urbanization. First, to enhance productivity, i...
by World Bank | On 28 Jan 2014 The rapid economic growth in the region consisting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the People’s Republic of China (PRC), and India has begun to change the strategic landscape of...
by C. Raja Mohan | On 21 Jan 2014 The paper calls the attention of policymakers to address critical constraints affecting the effective utilization of free trade agreements, growth, trade facilitation and customs administration, servi...
by Gilberto M. Llanto | On 15 Nov 2013 This paper examines who contributes and who persists in contributing in a national, voluntary, defined
contributory pension program, where the government provides the incentive of matching contributi...
by Renuka Sane | On 28 Oct 2013 The paper analyses the changing leadership in Computer and
Information Services (CIS). Leadership is measured in terms of export
shares. The leadership appears to have changed from United States of
...
by Sunil Mani | On 10 Oct 2013 Breastfeeding is widely accepted by the World Health Organization (WHO), Health Canada, and the Canadian Institute of Child Health as the optimal method for infant feeding because it provides the foun...
by Newsfoundland & Labrador Association of Social Workers | On 08 Aug 2013 Poverty needs to be measured taking into account OOP spending, since health spending is also now viewed as an essential expenditure that enhances welfare like
food and other necessities. [Paper prese...
by Indrani Gupta | On 05 Aug 2013 This paper evaluates the President’s Budget (PB) or the National Expenditure
Program (NEP) for 2013. The assessment is composed of four parts: (i) an evaluation
of the overall fiscal picture as proj...
by Rosario G. Manasan | On 25 Jul 2013 India is increasingly focusing on its rainfed areas due to demand for food and nutrition security, and escalating farmer distress. But agricultural policy paralysis has meant that the familiar, extern...
by Srijit Mishra | On 16 Jul 2013 According to Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) “The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2012” report, there is a reduction of 34.9 percent in prevalence of undernourishment from 1990-1992 to 2010-...
by Anonymous | On 27 May 2013 The farmers, predominantly the small and tribal, particularly in regions of rich agro-biodiversity immensely contribute to the on-farm conservation and enrichment of this diversity, often at personal...
by Prabhakaran Raghu | On 22 May 2013 This paper studies the interaction of incentive pay and social distance
in the dissemination of information. BREAD Working Paper No. 380. URL: [http://ipl.econ.duke.edu/bread/papers/working/380.pdf].
by Erlend Berg | On 16 Apr 2013 The Minister of Finance, K.M Mani , presented the General Budget 2013 to the State Assembly on March 15,
2013. In his address, he commented on the fiscal performance of the State in 2012-13 and laid...
by Vishnu Padmanabhan | On 09 Apr 2013 The national budget is truly a potent tool for the economy to journey towards inclusive growth that would empower Filipinos through deliverance from backbreaking poverty. [Senate of the Philippines]....
by Senate Economic Planning Office SEPO | On 08 Apr 2013 The study aimed to explore the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of households with and without child domestic workers (CDW), and explore the causes and process of becoming CDWs in Banglad...
by Shuburna Chodhuary | On 22 Feb 2013 This paper analyses the property tax system in India, examines the reasons for its low revenue productivity, reviews the recent reform initiatives and identifies further reform areas. [NIPFP Working P...
by M. Govinda Rao | On 06 Feb 2013 This study was conducted in three South Asian countries viz: India, Bangladesh and Nepal. The study examines the opinions of patients, hospitals owners and doctors involved in this service trade. A to...
by Arindam Banik | On 22 Jan 2013 Following the international financial crisis that started in 2007, market growth and MFI performance started to deteriorate. Over the last decade the market has matured and become more efficient. Is...
by Cédric Lützenkirchen | On 14 Jan 2013 The determinants of exports of services, distinguishing between modern and
traditional services are considered. The growth of export volumes and so-called export surges –
periods of rapid sustained...
by Barry Eichengreen | On 02 Jan 2013 A historical narrative of Bihar is provided context to much of its current state, Focus is given on its contemporary economy in the past three decades to better understand the moribund state of its ec...
by Arnab Mukherji | On 28 Sep 2012 Although the urban health issue has been of long-standing interest to public health researchers, majority of
the studies have looked upon the urban poor and migrants as distinct subgroups. Another co...
by Prashant Kumar Singh | On 24 Sep 2012 A brief outline of the economic and financial structure of the State and the various financial inclusion initiatives taken by the Reserve Bank is highlighted. But there are some policy challenges in s...
by Deepak Mohanty | On 03 Sep 2012 The policy processes of the policy on ‘Nurse practitioners in midwifery’ (NPM) are described. The policy aims to educate and create a new cadre of competent midwives in the government hospitals as an...
by Sharma Bharati | On 03 Sep 2012 The objective of this report is to share a market level overview of the early stage progress of (Mobile Financial Services) MFS in Bangladesh up through the first quarter of 2012. A series of short s...
by Bangladesh Bank BB | On 23 Aug 2012 Rapid ageing of the population globally represents an unprecedented historical trend. As pension and healthcare costs are positively correlated with rising incomes, ageing, urbanization, and a shift f...
by Azad Singh Bali | On 20 Aug 2012 The proportion of elderly in the world population is increasing. Health systems across the globe are ill prepared to meet the needs of aging populations. The needs of the elderly are different from t...
by Arlene S Bierman | On 08 Aug 2012 The major objective of this paper to examine the determinants of child malnutrition, based on the Pakistan Panel Household Survey (PPHS-2010). The study has focused on individual (child), household an...
by G M Arif | On 16 Jul 2012 The cross-country empirical literature on the finance-growth relationship has debated three
propositions: (i) financial deepening has a strong impact on the growth process; (ii) measures
of financia...
by Sabyasachi Kar | On 13 Jul 2012 Biometric procedures are already accepted by millions of people every day on a variety of (social) internet platforms. Biometric identification procedures and their potential applications in everyday...
by Thomas F Dapp | On 05 Jul 2012 This paper analyzes income related inequality in financial inclusion in India using a
representative household level survey data, linked to State-level factors. This paper also provides estimates of...
by Rama Pal | On 27 Jun 2012 In the run-up to Rio+20, this Asia-Pacific Human Development Report takes a bold look at climate change and what can be done about it.
Tackling head-on the issue of poverty reduction and human deve...
by United Nations Development Programme UNDP | On 21 May 2012 The objective of the study was to review media coverage (print ) related to HIV/AIDS in three states (Gujarat, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh) in order to determine the gaps in reporting. [CCMG Working Pa...
by Biswajit Das | On 10 May 2012 Tropical deforestation accounts for almost one-fifth of greenhouse gas emissions
worldwide and threatens the world.s most diverse ecosystems. The prevalence of illegal
forest extraction in the tropi...
by Robin Burgess | On 08 May 2012 The paper examines the determinants of remittance inflow by applying ordinary least square method
(OLS). The model include the weighted average GDP of the six (Saudi Arabia (KSA), United Arab
Emirat...
by Mst. Nurnaher Begum | On 24 Apr 2012 India’s experience with exporting services is examined. The country’s experience is distinctive in that services, especially modern tradable
services, comprise a significantly larger share of GDP tha...
by Barry Eichengreen | On 23 Apr 2012 The audiovisual sector is a significant component of the economy in terms of wealth creation and employment and audiovisual industries also play an important cultural role. This study reviews the main...
by Gillian Doyle | On 20 Apr 2012 This paper reviews economic development and the regulatory environment of audiovisual services in the Republic of Korea (hereafter, Korea). The paper specifically examines motion pictures and broadcas...
by Yeongkwan Song | On 19 Apr 2012 Major credit rating agencies give out the sovereign credit rating of each nation as an absolute grade. How other nations fare over the period under consideration does not matter in a particular nation...
by Kaushik Basu | On 02 Apr 2012 The paper estimates the elasticity of Imports with respect to relative prices and income for Pakistan from 1971 to 2009. What distinguishes this paper from the earlier studies is the use of robust est...
by Khurram Ashfaq Baluch | On 30 Mar 2012 Budget speech by Ministry of Finance, Goa. [Budget Speech]. URL:[http://www.goa.gov.in/pdf/Speech12-13.pdf].
by Goa Government | On 28 Mar 2012 The transfer system in India is discussed and analyses expenditure
needs of States to provide essential health infrastructure. It also analyzes the fiscal space for
health care in terms of stimulati...
by M Govinda Rao | On 19 Mar 2012 To greatly develop trade in services and realize the transition from a big trade country to a strong trade country, the 12th Five Year Plan is formulated based on Outline of the 12th Five Year Plan f...
by Ministry of Commerce China | On 15 Mar 2012 This is a study of employment growth, structure, and job quality outcomes in manufacturing and
service-sector in urban India spanning the period 1999-2000 to 2009-10. The context is that of
dynamic...
by K.V. Ramaswamy | On 12 Mar 2012 The purpose of this report is twofold. First, a compendium of relevant data is presented on the state of the services sector in the ACI (ASEAN, PRC and India) countries, focusing on its contribution t...
by Ben Shepherd | On 12 Mar 2012 Time is an important economic resource that can be spent in a variety of
ways. Diverse demands on a person’s time may reach a point where the
individual may be categorized as time poor. Time poverty...
by Najam us Saqib | On 09 Mar 2012 The developing economies of Asia are confronted by serious environmental problems that threaten to undermine future growth, food security, and regional stability. This study considers four major envir...
by Stephen Howes | On 06 Mar 2012 Budget speech by Nepal Finance Minister. URL:[http://www.mof.gov.np/publication/speech/2011/pdf/budgetspeech_english.pdf].
by Ministry of Finance, Government of Nepal | On 06 Mar 2012 The time has come for the governmant to make up for its sins of the past three years. The Budget must be judged on whether it shows that the govt is in the mood to recognize its follies, and in a posi...
by T.N. Ninan | On 05 Mar 2012 The experience of childhood is increasingly urban. Over half the world’s people – including more than a
billion children – now live in cities and towns. This report adds to the growing body of eviden...
by United Nations Children's Fund UNICEF | On 01 Mar 2012 This paper explores the key reasons behind the movements in the terms of trade and the real net
gain and loss from trade in the long run. Like some selected Asian countries (Vietnam, China and
South...
by Mohammad Masuduzzaman | On 23 Feb 2012 The main objective of the study is to investigate whether there is any evidence to support the
view that the disbursement of micro finance to women reduces the incidence of domestic
violence, and if...
by Institute of Social Studies Trust ISST | On 23 Feb 2012 This study is an attempt to assess the importance and potential impact of any further
development of the credit cooperative sector; identify development interventions that will result in a strong Fil...
by Gilberto M Llanto | On 13 Feb 2012 The aim of this paper is to compare the technical efficiency of Indian Banks operating
abroad and foreign banks operating in India and to investigate the effect of openness of the
country, ownership...
by Vivek Kumar | On 08 Feb 2012 This report investigates how more and
better jobs can be created in South
Asia. It does so for two reasons. First,
this region will contribute nearly 40 percent
of the growth in the world’s workin...
by Reema Nayar | On 30 Jan 2012 A rapid survey was undertaken in Karnataka to understand access of severely malnourished children to health and child care services, understand these families’ experience of seeking care in PHC and an...
by Republic of Hunger RoH | On 30 Jan 2012 Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, independent entrepreneurial migrants
from China have been increasingly flocking to Africa in search of “greener pastures.” This
paper scrutinizes the...
by Laurence Marfaing | On 25 Jan 2012 This paper studies the leadlag
pattern in the interaction between credit and growth cycles of India at three
levels i.e. at the aggregate level for annual GDP growth, at the sectoral level
across a...
by Krittika Banerjee | On 06 Jan 2012 The recent global financial crisis (2007-09) has clearly highlighted the gravity of high financial inter-connectedness within the financial system. In the Indian context, this brief study attempts to...
by Karunagaran A | On 05 Jan 2012 This paper establishes an empirical relationship between industry -specific
foreign direct investment (FDI) and output under the framework of Granger
causality and panel cointegration for Pakistan o...
by Muhammad Arshad Khan | On 03 Jan 2012 A
bill
to provide for food and nutritional security in human life cycle approach, by ensuring
access to adequate quantity of quality food at affordable prices to people to live a
life with dignity...
by Lok Sabha | On 30 Dec 2011 The services sector has provided steady support to Pakistan’s economic
growth. It share in GDP now stands a more than 50 percent. The paper analyses
its continuation in the growth of the economy in...
by Ayaz Ahmed | On 29 Dec 2011 The distribution effects or incidence of consumption taxes such as the Value Added Tax (VAT), Goods and Services Tax (GST) remains a contentious issue. Three aspects have to be distinguished. First is...
by Parthasarathi Shome | On 13 Dec 2011 Financial distribution, where the distributor is the agent of both the product provider and the customer,
has been found to inherently work against the interests of customers, in the form of high ser...
by M Sahoo | On 08 Dec 2011 This paper reviews the literature on the informal economy, focusing first on empirical
findings and then on existing approaches to modelling informality within both
partial and general equilibrium e...
by Nicoletta Batini | On 24 Nov 2011 India has embarked upon an economic model driven by the free market incorporating processes of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation. Our children today live, in what some describe as “Brand...
by HAQ Centre for Child Rights HAQCRC | On 10 Nov 2011 An Act to regulate public procurement with the objective of maximising economy and
efficiency, promoting competition among suppliers and contractors while ensuring a fair,
transparent and equitable...
by Planning Commission | On 08 Nov 2011 This article outlines the potential mechanisms through which ICT could
facilitate agricultural adoption and the provision of extension services in developing countries. It
then reviews existing prog...
by Jenny C Aker | On 07 Nov 2011 CEHAT in collaboration with Anandi designed and carried out the present study to document the living conditions of the prawn harvesters and availability and access to essential services. The study als...
by Anagha Pradhan | On 04 Nov 2011 This paper examines three software and/or information technology enabled services (ITES) industries—two in the early stages of development (in the People’s Republic of China [PRC] and the Philippines)...
by F Ted Tschang | On 25 Oct 2011 Apart from being BRIC countries, what India and Brazil have in common is a large service sector that contributes significantly to the GDP. The service sector contributed 66% to the Brazilian GDP and 5...
by Rekha Jain | On 18 Oct 2011 Women workers In India constitute one third of the total workforce. Majority of these
women are engaged in the un-organized sectors such as agriculture, construction,
domestic services etc. The over...
by Bharat Jyoti BJ | On 18 Oct 2011 The study aims to explore how the MNCH committee encouraged community
participation and how its communication activities empowered the community people
to ensure the healthcare needs of the poor and...
by Margaret Leppard | On 17 Oct 2011 The Indian national program of agriclinics and agribusiness centers, started in 2002, aims to provide farmers with a reliable alternative to the private input dealer by subsidizing technically trained...
by Claire J Glendenning | On 14 Oct 2011 The Indian economy has shown considerable resilience to the global economic crisis by maintaining one of the highest growth rates in the world. The services sector accounted for around 88 per cent of...
by Abhijit Das | On 13 Oct 2011 NTP-2011 has the vision Broadband on Demand and envisages leveraging telecom infrastructure to enable all citizens and businesses, both in rural and urban landscape, to participate in the Internet and...
by Ministry of Communication & Information Technology GOI | On 13 Oct 2011 The paper examines the farm level performance of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method of paddy cultivation as against the traditional method. The role of NGOs in raising awareness among farmers...
by Jharna Pathak | On 22 Sep 2011 This paper, examines the possibility of adopting Oil- to- Cash scheme in Iraq. Here, a new opportunity is identified which aims for direct distribution of Iraqi oil rents in the planned production exp...
by Johnny West | On 19 Sep 2011 The foundation of the new policy, known as the “National Policy for Senior Citizens 2011” is based on several factors. These include the demographic explosion among the elderly, the changing economy a...
by Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment GOI | On 19 Sep 2011 With a view to increasing the coverage of banking services amongst local communities, it was proposed in the Annual Policy Statement for the year 2010-11 to set up a Committee comprising of all stakeh...
by Reserve Bank of India RBI | On 15 Sep 2011 A
Bill
to provide for food and nutritional security, in human life cycle approach, by
ensuring access to adequate quantity of quality food at affordable prices, for people to
live a life with dign...
by Department of Food and Public Distribution Fcamin | On 14 Sep 2011 This background paper seeks to brief readers on the extent of the development, production and
consumption of agrofuels, particularly liquid fuels for transport, in the Mekong region. The area of focu...
by Rebeca Leonard | On 12 Sep 2011 The Working Group was constituted to review the existing regulatory and supervisory framework of non-banking finance companies (NBFCs) with special focus on the risks in the sector. The approach adopt...
by Reserve Bank of India RBI | On 30 Aug 2011 The contribution of technology to the Indian banking industry, the role played by IDRBT and the significance of banking technology awards, in fostering the technological developments of banks. Issues...
by Anand Sinha | On 23 Aug 2011 In this study the analytical framework for identifying and benchmarking systemically important financial institutions is discussed. First, the main concepts underlying the SIFI definition are laid out...
by Christian Weistroffer | On 12 Aug 2011 In 2004, Afghanistan pioneered a balanced scorecard (BSC) performance system to manage the delivery of
primary health care services. This study examines the trends of 29 key performance indicators ov...
by Edward Anbrasi | On 04 Aug 2011 TRAI has initiated this consultation paper suo-motu focusing on future looking regulatory framework for provisioning of Mobile Value Added Services. URL:[http://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/trai/uplo...
by Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) | On 26 Jul 2011 Return migration and health has received
little attention in policy and research.
This article will focus on the risk
factors and social determinants of health
during all phases of migration that...
by Anita A Davies | On 20 Jul 2011 In the states of Assam and Meghalaya the ICDS project has been in operation since 1980. Assam and Meghalaya have a total of 26,000 AWCs of which 2,218 are located in seven districts of Meghalaya and t...
by Government of India Ministry of Women and Child Development | On 19 Jul 2011 This paper analyzes the inter-state imbalances in three major sectors of
the economy, namely, education, health and family welfare, and water
supply and sanitation for fifteen major states. It uses...
by C Bhujanga Rao | On 14 Jul 2011 The
importance of non-financial reporting in the overall assessment of a company's
performance, its risk-return trade off is steadily gaining ground, both globally and in
India. [Address by Dr K. C...
by Chakrabarty K C | On 10 Jun 2011 Most governments experience problems when implementing large-scale IT projects. Budgets are exceeded, deadlines are over-run and the quality of the infrastructure is often below the agreed standard. T...
by iGovernment. in | On 09 Jun 2011 The broad objectives of this study refer to analysing the impact of introducing comprehensive
goods and services tax (GST) on economic growth and international trade; changes in rewards to
the fac...
by National Council of Applied Economic Research | On 19 May 2011 Lakes are an important feature of the Earth’s landscape. They are not only a significant
source of precious water, but often provide valuable habitats to plants and animals, moderate
the hydrologica...
by Ministry of Environment and Forests | On 11 May 2011 Meghalaya is one of the prosperous states in the North Eastern region of India.
Before Meghalaya was separated from Assam in the early 1970’s, its leading city, Shillong, was
the capital of the er...
by S.K. Mishra | On 10 May 2011 Until 1995, there was no law prohibiting sexual harassment in Hong Kong, except where it rose to the level of a criminal offence or a traditional tort. However, the Sex Discrimination Ordinance (whic...
by Carole J. Petersen | On 09 May 2011 After careful consideration of the inputs received from a variety of stakeholders,
the following framework guidelines are suggested for managing the humanleopard
conflict situations in areas where l...
by Ministry of Environment and Forests GOI | On 22 Apr 2011 Recent events in India have brought a fresh focus upon the problem
of regulation in the field of micro-finance. This paper delineates the
three distinct aspects where government needs to play a role...
by Renuka Sane | On 13 Apr 2011 In simple language and with numerous concrete examples, this policy brief analyses the impact - among others - of key ex-ante factors such as acute 'horizontal inequality' between social groups in the...
by Jeni Klugman | On 22 Mar 2011 Some services directly produce outputs that are important for human development, such as basic human services. Many other services are important inputs into the production and distribution of goods th...
by Ben Shepherd | On 21 Mar 2011 This Policy Brief focuses on links between the developing countries of Brazil, India, China and South Africa and the global economy, with a special emphasis on the implications of China’s spectacular...
by Amelia U. Santos Paulino | On 11 Mar 2011 Although forests have diminished globally over the past 400 years, forest
cover has increased in some areas, including India in the last two decades.
Aggregate time-series evidence on forest growth...
by Mark Rosenzweig | On 25 Feb 2011 The overall objective of the Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) risk factors survey was to improve the information available to the Government health services and care providers on a set of high-priority...
by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare H & FW | On 24 Feb 2011 Out-of-pocket (OOP) financing of health care leaves households exposed to the risk of unforeseen expenditures that absorb a large share of the household budget. Here, they explain variation in the inc...
by Eddy van Doorslaer | On 21 Feb 2011 Many WTO (World Trade Organization) member countries, including India, are
defensive about opening up of the audiovisual sector in the Doha Round due to reasons of
cultural sensitivity. On the other...
by Arpita Mukherjee | On 17 Feb 2011 This paper develops tools to examine selected major issues in the Indian economy. The study computes the potential growth rate of the economy and the agricultural sector, extends the analysis of fisca...
by Mathew Joseph | On 11 Feb 2011 Infrastructure services play a significant role in trade costs by
reducing distribution margins, lowering prices, and raising
consumer welfare. They also lower transaction costs, add value,
and inc...
by Douglas H. Brooks | On 11 Feb 2011 The presentation sensitizes service givers in Voluntary Organizations (VOs) that it is possible to be financially viable if you provide services at 50% the market rates (in diagnostics) even if Consul...
by Nimitta Bhatt | On 05 Jan 2011 Group loans with joint liability have been a distinguishing feature of many micronance
programs. While such lending has benetted millions of borrowers, major lending insti-
tutions have acknowledg...
by Jean-Marie Baland | On 17 Dec 2010 BRAC Human Rights and Legal Services Programme (HRLS) has initiated to form
ward-based Legal Rights Implementation Committee (LRIC) comprised of 19
members to ensure justice for the vulnerable women...
by Debasish Kumar Kundu | On 14 Dec 2010 Despite the rapid growth in finance worldwide over the past quarter-
century—now interrupted by the global financial crisis—many low-income
households and small firms remain excluded from access to...
by Centre for Global Development | On 10 Dec 2010 Health is a State subject and the Government of India has always tried to work in partnership with states to meet people's needs. As the report will indicate, it is through this partnership with const...
by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare H & FW | On 08 Dec 2010 The rapid decline in mortality rates, rendered possible by the
spread of modern medicine and public health services, and the high
and unchanging fertility rates are generally considered portents...
by P R Gopinathan Nair | On 07 Dec 2010 This paper makes an attempt to identify major factors, like currency forfeiting, loan default, capital shortfall, capital flight, etc which undermine consumer confidence in the financial services sect...
by Md. Kabir Ahmed Chowdhury | On 02 Dec 2010 Slippage is one of the main bottlenecks of achieving full coverage of water and sanitation
services in India. This paper makes an attempt to identify the causes of slippage
in a systematic manner. T...
by V. Ratna Reddy | On 02 Dec 2010 This consultation paper aims to seek the views of stakeholders to assist TRAI in arriving at a
framework by which interconnecting service providers may be fairly compensated for
Intelligent Network...
by Telecom Regulatory Authority of India TRAI | On 30 Nov 2010 The concern for making services of public systems accessible, accountable and affordable
for the disadvantaged people has been there since independence of the country. However,
after recognising the...
by Anil. K Gupta | On 22 Nov 2010 They conducted a global study of the long-term issuer ratings of nonfinancial firms from Standard and Poor's Ratings Services (S&P) for the period 1998–2003. Specifically, they focused on the solicite...
by Winnie P. H. Poon | On 02 Nov 2010 Infrastructure services, from both hard and soft infrastructure, play a vital role in facilitating
Asia’s export-led growth by keeping the prices of delivered goods in export markets
competitive. Ef...
by Douglas H. Brooks | On 28 Oct 2010 Payment systems in Malaysia have been undergoing changes in recent years. Among the notable changes is the emergence of electronic-based payment systems. The central bank has been playing an active ro...
by Amir Akmar Basir | On 25 Oct 2010 This consultation paper brings out various issues that have a
bearing on telecom tariff offers. In line with established practice, the
Authority seeks the views of all stakeholders by 15th November,...
by Telecom Regulatory Authority of India TRAI | On 20 Oct 2010 This paper discusses the role of state intervention for prevention, containment, and resolution of financial crises based mainly on the Korean experience during the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Crises...
by Yoon Je Cho | On 12 Oct 2010 Kerala has been a model to other states for her achievements in
social development. But in terms of economic growth her performance
has for long been very poor and a matter of deep concern. In this...
by P. Mohanan Pillai | On 08 Oct 2010 The global economic and financial landscape has been transformed over the past decade by the growing economic size and financial power of emerging economies. The new G20 summit process, which includes...
by Masahiro Kawai | On 05 Oct 2010 This paper looks into the proliferation of privately-formulated environmental product standards and analyses whether Indian industry has a legal recourse under the WTO dispute settlement mechanism if...
by Samir R. Gandhi | On 30 Sep 2010 The growth rebalancing model, which places the nontradable services sector on center stage, is important to spur on faster growth in this sector and tap its potential to become another engine of growt...
by Rafaelita M. Aldaba | On 29 Sep 2010 The Gandhi mother-son duo and the prime minister have come down on two sides of the land acquisition/environment debate. Manmohan Singh is focused on delivering 9 per cent economic growth; he sees a c...
by T.N. Ninan | On 24 Sep 2010 The paper highlights the dilemma faced by developing countries in balancing market access rights with the need to regulate service providers, in light of the ongoing negotiations under Article VI:4 of...
by Suparna Karmakar | On 24 Sep 2010 In this paper, the influence of stronger intellectual property protection on technology transfer into developing countries via licensing is analyzed. Using panel data for the post-TRIPs period 1995-20...
by Sunil Kanwar | On 09 Sep 2010 The service sector is evolving. New services and new modes of delivering existing
services have increased the complexities of services negotiations in the WTO and in
FTAs.
The WTO negotiations focu...
by Arpita Mukherjee | On 20 Aug 2010 The executive summary reports on major findings from a survey conducted among a
random sample of 1,054 Singaporeans and Permanent Residents aged 18 to 65.
Focus is on views of public policies in thr...
by Ooi Giok Ling | On 29 Jul 2010 Walk down the corridors of any college in Delhi, Bangalore or any of the metros and you will definitely
find advertisements calling for executives to join in the “booming ITES industry” for a bright...
by Sabith Ullah Khan | On 22 Jul 2010 An important and vigorous policy debate ongoing in Asia concerns the impact of
the economic rise of the PRC on the rest of the region. This paper examines the relative
performances of the PRC, selec...
by Sadhana Srivastava | On 20 Jul 2010 The takeover of substantial number of shares, voting rights or control in a listed Indian
company attracts the provision of SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers)
Regulations 1997. T...
by Sandeep Parekh | On 14 Jul 2010 The role of the DPHNs has reduced over the years because they have not been assigned
new roles with change in programmes and policies. Most of the DPHNs have training for
clinical work in hospitals....
by Bharati Sharma | On 08 Jul 2010 The National Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) conducted a factfinding
visit from 17th to 19th December 2007, to Dantewada (Chhattisgarh) and
Khammam (Andhra Pradesh), in order t...
by HAQ Centre for Child Rights HAQCRC | On 18 Jun 2010 Unlocking human potential requires a rich network of institutional arrangements in both
private and public spheres. Opening the private sphere to entrepreneurship and complex
market organization i...
by Elinor Ostrom | On 17 Jun 2010 This paper shows that the realization of
Singapore’s vision of “active citizenship” and “state-society partnership”, to a significant
extent, depends on how social capital is being created and renew...
by Tan Tay Keong | On 09 Jun 2010 The main objective f this paper id to assess the adherence of and barriers to HIV counseling, testing and referral services on the part of the providers.
by Arupkumar Chakrabartty | On 04 Jun 2010 This paper analyzes the prospects for liberalizing financial services under the GATS, in view of
India’s interests and concerns in this sector. The paper consists of seven sections. Section 2 discuss...
by Rupa Chanda | On 03 Jun 2010 Over 330 million people live in India’s cities; 35 cities have a population of over a
million and three (Mumbai, Delhi, and Kolkata) of the 10 largest metropolises in the world
are in India. India’s...
by M. Govinda Rao | On 21 May 2010 Budget speech by finance minister of Karnataka
by Government of Karnataka GoK | On 05 Mar 2010 This paper investigates a series of questions that explore this topic: What kind of
information do farmers value the most to improve agricultural productivity? Do
mobile phones and mobile-enabled ag...
by Surabhi Mittal | On 03 Mar 2010 Cutting the deficit this year was the easy part; the real fiscal challenge lies ahead
by T.N. Ninan | On 03 Mar 2010 Railway Budget 2010-11.
by Mamata Banerjee | On 25 Feb 2010 This report is a comprehensive and analytical compilation of health care development of Assam bringing together all available information and data on health and health care.
by Indranee Dutta | On 09 Feb 2010 The study attempts to examine why there is staff shortage of health care professionals especially the nurses in India and the impact of such migration on services like emergency preparedness, quality...
by Ann Issac | On 04 Feb 2010 The purpose of this study was to explore the role and importance of human resources for the
scaling up of health services in low income countries. In the case studies, the following have been analyze...
by Christoph Kurowski | On 28 Jan 2010 This paper examines the health services provided by Reliance Industries in the village,
Motikhavadi, which comes under the Special economic Zone- Jamnagar to scrutinise the
role of the state, especi...
by Shilpa Jadhav Bhakre | On 22 Jan 2010 Market-based approaches to environmental management, such as payment for
environmental services (PES), have attracted unprecedented attention during the past
decade. PES policies, in particular, hav...
by Bhim Adhikari | On 20 Jan 2010 A fact-finding mission was undertaken by HAQ: Centre for Child Rights in June 2006 at the request of the Child Welfare Committee, Nirmal Chhaya, Delhi, to follow-up on the children rescued from the Za...
by HAQ Centre for Child Rights HAQCRC | On 16 Dec 2009 What is m-banking, Basic characteristics of m-commerce/e-commerce, Evolution of electronic financial services (e-banking/e-commerce/m-banking/m-commerce), Role of non-banks in Indian Payment Scenario....
by Chakrabarty K C | On 14 Dec 2009 There is a strong feeling among especially the West that India is
becoming very innovative. The study will take the reader through the
empirical evidence on whether this is indeed the case since the...
by Sunil Mani | On 03 Dec 2009 Indian cities are characterised by rapid growth in human as well as motor vehicle populations. Although the poor benefit the least from motor vehicle activity, they bear the brunt of its impacts. The...
by Madhav Badami | On 26 Nov 2009 Ills of the banking system that caused the crisis. An extensive analysis of the causes is given. A brief synopsis to provide a backdrop for the ‘boring banking’ discussion is given. [Speech at the Int...
by Duvvuri Subbarao | On 25 Nov 2009 The aim of this paper is to study the effects of court errors in estimating the harm,
on the parties' behaviour regarding the levels of care they take, and their decision to buy the information about...
by Ram Singh | On 17 Nov 2009 This paper aims at discussing some of the important issues relating to sustainable urban form that would lead to sustainable urban development with possible references to India. The paper is based on...
by Basudha Chattopadhyay | On 17 Nov 2009 Various issues related to delays and cost overruns in publically funded infrastructure projects are investigated. The study is based on, by far, the largest data-set of 850 projects across seventeen i...
by Ram Singh | On 11 Nov 2009 Evolution of the financial sector regulation in India, particularly focusing on the elements of the policy framework which have contributed to the broader stability in the financial sector is depicted...
by Shyamala Gopinath | On 05 Nov 2009 Simultaneous relationship between telecommunications and the economic growth,
using data for developing countries are examined. Using 3SLS, a system
of equations that endogenize economic growth and...
by Kala Seetharam Sridhar | On 15 Oct 2009 The objective of the paper is to i) understand and document the morbidity profile, ii) examine utilisation of health services, and iii) estimate approximate expenses on health care by th...
by Ratnawali Sinha | On 07 Oct 2009 The emergence of a large and dynamic middle class raises Asia’s profile as an attractive market destination for products ranging from consumer goods to financial services. There are even hopes that th...
by Steffen Dyck | On 06 Oct 2009 The study seeks to answer two very basic
questions in the Indian context: first, are there economies of scale and
scope in Indian banking? In other words, are bigger banks better for India?
And, se...
by Pradeep Srivastava | On 23 Sep 2009 The article describes the constitution and functions of Village Development Boards (VDBs) in NAGALAND where VDBs are considered as “Financial Intermediaries” or “Non-Banking Financial Intermediaries”....
by Karmakar K G | On 06 Aug 2009 This paper formulates a model of exchange rate determination that
describes the market processes by which the foreign exchange markets
are cleared and international receipts of countries are brought...
by Rajas Parchure | On 06 Aug 2009 The paper takes a closer look at an experiment of NREGA training mates (worksite supervisors) in Rajasthan to improve worksite management. It is based on a four-day field visit (11-14 February, 2008)...
by Reetika Khera | On 05 Aug 2009 Despite the negative impact of the current crisis and many
remaining uncertainties about the actual economic recovery path,
the medium-term outlook for Hong Kong’s banks remains
favourable.
by Robert Mülhaupt | On 15 Jul 2009 The paper is aimed at exploring as to how such co-operatives (i) function and deal with members while delivering micro finance; (ii) mobilise funds, and (iii) get shaped and reshape the contents of me...
by Gagan Bihari Sahu | On 09 Jul 2009 Over the life of RACHNA, three sets of population based surveys were conducted: 1. Program wide baseline and endline surveys for INHP-II and Chayan to assess program performance; 2.Rapid Assessments S...
by Rachna Program | On 07 Jul 2009 The paper attempts to analyse the emerging contours of regulation of financial institutions with an emphasis on the emerging challenges and dynamics. [Paper prepared for Financial Stability Review of...
by Rakesh Mohan | On 29 Jun 2009 North-South free trade agreements (FTAs), bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments often contain a number of provisions that can increase the likelihood of a...
by Third World Network | On 28 Jun 2009 The objectives of this paper are to assess the knowledge retention on IGA training, and to explore the quality of participation in financial and non-financial services by the BDP ultra poor. We found...
by Proloy Barua | On 25 Jun 2009 The paper contours of a feasible design of VAT in India. It also takes on board the various alternatives proposed. It looks at the issues that need resolution and the options available for resolving t...
by R.Kavita Rao | On 12 Jun 2009 The paper broadly examines the core trade interests of the EU and India, the content of the negotiations and outlines some key concerns of a potential deal for India in the areas of goods, services an...
by Shefali Sharma | On 05 Jun 2009 The task of the Sub-committee was to review the existing methodologies for estimating the contribution of unorganised/informal sector to GDP and suggest measures to facilitate direct estimation. The G...
by NCEUS NCEUS | On 28 May 2009 Speech is about the role of IT in the Indian financial sector [Keynote address at the Banking Technology Awards 2008 of the Institute for Development & Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad].
by D Subbarao | On 25 May 2009 Medicines are important in curing and preventing diseases, and hence, the ultimate goal of `Health for All’ cannot be achieved if people do not have adequate access to essential drugs. Evidences show...
by Lalitha N | On 14 May 2009 This paper will hopefully provide an important methodological tool for all
researchers who may be attempting to analyze and explain the growth of the service
sector and its share in the Indian GDP o...
by Barry Eichengreen | On 08 May 2009 This paper details the procedures adopted by the Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation in procuring and supplying essential drugs to the government health care which is a positive measure in ensurin...
by Lalitha N | On 22 Apr 2009 India’s opportunities and constraints to trade in
energy services within the GATS framework are examined. The study found that India has the capability of
exporting high-skilled manpower at competit...
by Arpita Mukherjee | On 25 Feb 2009 The paper examines the basic reasons and feasible remedies for organizational
weakness, and the possible contribution of ownership, industry and management
structure, leadership, social norms, and i...
by Ashima Goyal | On 12 Feb 2009 In today’s developing world the vast majority of water and electricity services are provided by public utilities. Rather than asking “who should provide the services”, the authors adopt a financing po...
by Daniel Platz | On 09 Feb 2009 This paper argues that it is becoming increasingly difficult for
most developing countries to achieve rapid growth through industrialization, and especially through export oriented activities. But th...
by Peter Sheehan | On 03 Feb 2009 Much recent thinking on poverty and poverty reduction is ‘big’ in terms of its ideas, units of analysis, datasets, plans and ambitions. While recognising some of the benefits of such approaches this p...
by David Hulme | On 21 Jan 2009 The focus of this study is to analyze the pattern and costs
of services in four areas, which critically affect most households in Kerala .
The major concerns of this paper include answers to questio...
by Zachariah KC | On 12 Jan 2009 The paper provides an overview of the nature of trade in health services in the world economy. It oulines some of the general implications of trade in health services for national health systems for a...
by Rupa Chanda | On 13 Nov 2008 The paper argues that irrespective of the wording of the Terms of Reference
(ToR), the Commission would do well to focus on its primary task of recommending
transfers to serve the objective of equit...
by M.Govinda Rao | On 06 Oct 2008 The lecture is about the payment system in India, which is an important element of the financial sector infrastructure. The lecture also shows the evolution and objectives of the Indian payment system...
by Leeladhar V | On 25 Sep 2008 Budget in Brief is designed to summarize the detailed information into an
overview comprising essential information about expenditure and receipt and the
resulting budget balance.
by Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan, | On 22 Sep 2008 It is argued that for households below poverty line any expenditure on health is catastrophic as they are unable to attain the subsistence level of consumption. Thus, zero percent is taken as a thres...
by Rama Joglekar | On 15 Sep 2008 Liping argues from a Chinese perspective for a continued role of the NPT as the main nuclear non proliferation mechanism, but also identifies its main shortfalls and conflicts of interest between majo...
by Xia Liping | On 09 Sep 2008 The comparison of the key features of trade integration processes and the economic outcomes in China and India reveals that while much has already been achieved in both these economies, the Chinese re...
by Przemyslaw Kowalski | On 09 Sep 2008 This paper studies the status of nuclear weapons programs of Pakistan and its perspective on nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation.
[FES Paper 9]
by A. H. NAYYAR | On 03 Sep 2008 Volume III Eleventh Five year plan
by Planning Commission, India | On 18 Aug 2008 This study is an inter-sectoral analysis of state domestic product data to
understand the determinants of the services sector growth in India during the
recent years. It is a demand side analysis wh...
by Deepita Chakravarty | On 11 Aug 2008 A broad overview of the achievements and progress made by the Indian
banking sector in the last two decades and the emerging frontiers of the Indian banking system, in the post-reform era. [Address d...
by Leeladhar V | On 11 Aug 2008 This study aimed to provide some insights into sanitation-related strategies taken
by the BRAC Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Programme from an
economic point of view. The aim of this report i...
by Kazi Faisal Bin Seraj | On 06 Aug 2008 The purpose of this study is to review the changes that have taken
place recently in water supply and sanitation services and examine
the role of various stakeholders involved in urban governance in...
by Agnes Huchon | On 15 Jul 2008 This report presents the growth trends for the telecom services in India for the quarter ending March 2008. This report provides a broad perspective on the Telecom Services to serve as a reference doc...
by Telecom Regulatory Authority of India TRAI | On 09 Jul 2008 A large body of empirical literature highlights the need for stakeholder participation within the context of policy change and democratic governance. This makes intuitive sense and may appear to be a...
by Vinod Ahuja | On 19 Jun 2008 The GCC states ((Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar and UAE) have embarked on establishing a civilian nuclear programme solely for peaceful proposes. However, the actual nature of the programm...
by Nicole Stracke | On 04 Jun 2008 The Planning Commission constituted a high level committee for comprehensively examining the different aspects influencing the performance of the services sector and suggest short-term and long-term p...
by Anwarul Hoda | On 09 Apr 2008 An attempt is made at addressing the question about how has India fared in
terms of harnessing this technology for enhancing manufacturing productivity. issue by analyzing an unpublished data set on...
by K.J. Joseph | On 10 Mar 2008 This paper investigates a range of aspects including socio economic status,morality, morbidity requiring inpatient as well as outpatient care, health care-seeking behavior etc.
by Akash Acharya | On 10 Mar 2008 Sanitation is at the heart of not only environmental security but also food security and health. About 42,000 people die every week due to drinking water
polluted with faecal matter. The problem is m...
by Shyama V. Ramani | On 03 Mar 2008 Shows how the macro economic variables of Indian Economy are performing.
by P Chidambaram | On 11 Feb 2008 The first of the eight Millennium Development Goals is to halve extreme poverty and hunger by 2015. In India, thirty two and a half million people fall below the national poverty line by making out-of...
by Charu C. Garg | On 07 Feb 2008 Review consists of three sections:
I. Assessment of Macroeconomic and Monetary Developments;
II. Stance of Monetary Policy; and
III. Monetary Measures.
An analytical profile of macroeconomic a...
by Y V Reddy | On 30 Jan 2008 World AIDS Day, the annual December 1 commemoration, first took place in 1988 under the auspices of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. At that time there was no idea about HIV treatment b...
by PLoS Medicine | On 11 Jan 2008 The important determinants that have influence on travellers to choosing a particular airline are analysed. Data from primary and secondary sources have been used for this paper. A field survey was co...
by Ershad Ali | On 12 Dec 2007 A distinguishing aspect of the growth performance is that India now has five mobile phones for every one fixed telephone and the monthly additions to mobile subscribers are well over six million. Such...
by Sunil Mani | On 26 Nov 2007 The Reserve Bank, as the regulator of the banking sector, has been actively engaged, from the very beginning, in the review, examination and evaluation of customer service in the banks. It has been re...
by Leeladhar V | On 26 Oct 2007 The Reserve Bank had constituted an internal working group to review the existing access criteria and suggest changes that may be adopted for access to Payment and Settlement Systems. The Group has pr...
by Reserve Bank of India | On 05 Oct 2007 Since the early 1990s the Indian economy has seen a considerable relaxation of controls, as a consequence of which it has witnessed unprecedented growth. This is especially remarkable in the external...
by Partha Sen | On 04 Oct 2007 RBI seeks comments from the public for this paper. Comments may be sent to the Chief General Manager-in-Charge, Department of Banking Operations and Development, Reserve Bank of India, Central Office,...
by Reserve Bank of India | On 19 Sep 2007 Annual report of RBI for the year 2006-07
by Reserve Bank of India | On 31 Aug 2007 Qualitative methods can be used to understand why some patients are not using certain types of health care services. Researchers should also use some quality control while analyzing data [Plos Medicin...
by PLoS Medicine | On 28 Aug 2007 This study has two closely related objectives: to evaluate post-Uruguay Round market access conditions and to contribute to a clarification of the stakes in the ongoing process of multilateral trade n...
by Marc Bacchetta. | On 27 Aug 2007 There are various conceivable links between services liberalization and poverty reduction, including the efficiency effects associated with increased competition in intermediate (infrastructural) serv...
by Rolf Adlung | On 27 Aug 2007 While the Bill promotes the activities of MFOs, there are
differing opinions on the cost efficiency of the MFO model.
NABARD is designated as the regulator of the micro financial
s...
by Kaushiki Sanyal | On 08 Aug 2007 A talk with Nobel economics laureate Robert Mundell on how Beijing can keep the yuan’s value fixed and still avoid inflation. China’s high balance of payments surplus and pressure on the yuan could be...
by Hugo Restall | On 04 Aug 2007 This report analyzes the ITRIPS agreement. It discuses the problems and stakes, and consequences of this agreement. The report also provides case studies related to the topic and finally gives a sugge...
by Andrea Onori | On 21 Jul 2007 Despite the major uncertainties mentioned at the beginning that afflict both dimensions of climate change, this analysis has demonstrated a clear trend: the regulatory-market economy dimension of clim...
by Eric Heymann | On 13 Jul 2007 Environmental problems, partly a consequence of the rapid growth strategy adopted by the state are looming large. With public health services deteriorating rapidly, there is cause for concern and som...
by Varinder Jain | On 18 Jun 2007 Relatively small proportion of literature has focused upon health behaviours and types of health services used by the poor in rural Bangladesh, particularly ultra poor households.This study aimed to e...
by Shahaduz Zaman | On 14 Jun 2007 This article analyses the importance of international commercial service transactions relating to both trade and investment, which form an essential element of analyzing production fragmentation and e...
by Mukul Asher | On 17 Apr 2007 Given the importance of urban public services in attracting firm location, increasing employment and facilitating economic growth, in this paper, the author examines the following questions: Is there...
by Kala Seetharam Sreedhar | On 17 Feb 2007 In the light of United Nation's specific programme of Child Survival and Safe
Motherhood (CSSM), the subject of ‘teenage motherhood’ has been gaining
special attention. This is because, the very env...
by Satyajeet Nanda | On 12 Feb 2007 Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are the principal means of financing health care
throughout much of Asia. The paper describe the magnitude and distribution of OOP payments for health care in 14 countrie...
by Eddy van Doorslaer | On 06 Feb 2007 This paper examines the relationship between the share of employment potentially affected by offshoring and economic and structural factors, including trade in business services and foreign direct inv...
by Desiree Welsum | On 12 Jan 2007 This paper charts the complex dynamics of the movement of technical talent in the
world economy and assesses broadly the impact of such mobility on both sending and
receiving countries. Based on sec...
by Anthony P. D'Costa | On 29 Dec 2006 India’s negotiating position on services has undergone a paradigm shift since the Uruguay Round. From being a leading opponent of the GATS in the early stages, India has now emerged as one of the cham...
by Kasturi Das | On 16 Dec 2006 Decentralising health services – the transfer of power and responsibility from the central to the local level should help the poor if local resources, accountability and governance are in good shape....
by Hiroko Uchimura | On 25 Oct 2006 Reforms in water and sanitation sector intended to make stakeholders part of the implementation process. In the process beneficiaries share partial capital cost and meet 100 per cent of operation and...
by Veerashekarappa | On 12 Aug 2006 The urgent task ahead is the reduction of the visible inequalities in
education, health and housing, thus contributing to a broad based evolution of human capabilities. As for the macroeconomic envir...
by Bhanoji Rao | On 11 Apr 2006 The bulk of the resources must go to the UPA Government’s eight flagship programmes: Sarva Siksha Abhiyan, Mid-day Meal Scheme, Rajiv Gandhi Drinking Water Mission, Total Sanitation Campaign, National...
by Ministry of Finance | On 28 Feb 2006 The robust performance of the Indian economy continued during the second
quarter (July-September) of 2005-06. According to the Central Statistical
Organisation (CSO), the economy recorded a real GDP...
by Reserve Bank of India | On 02 Feb 2006 Contents
I. The Real Economy -- 1
Agricultural Situation
Industrial Performance
Business Expectations Surveys
Services Sector
II. Fiscal Situation 14
Combined Government Fi...
by Reserve Bank of India | On 25 Jan 2006 The paper presents an analysis of the reproductive health care services
available to women in rural areas in Karnataka, and the various factors
influencing them. Based on survey data on the status o...
by Poornima Vyasulu | On 19 Jan 2006 This paper analyses the opportunities in services trade that may arise out of the India-ASEAN Economic Cooperation to makes an assessment of the net gains that could arise from liberalisation of the c...
by Suparna Karmakar | On 24 Dec 2005 The next major boost to world trade is expected to come from greater trade in
services. And this is possible only when greater liberalization in services is achieved which in turn depends on the prog...
by Rajeev Ahuja | On 24 Dec 2005 There is sufficient evidence to show that early and good quality documentation of evidence is associated with positive legal outcome and hence this area of reform in medico-legal services need to be a...
by Amita Pitre | On 20 Dec 2005 The status of public services is one of the most hotly debated issues surrounding the GATS. There are two approaches to distinguish such services from any other services: an institutional approach t...
by Rolf Adlung | On 19 Dec 2005 Government healthcare expenditures have been growing much more rapidly than GDP in OECD countries. For example, between 1970 and 2002 these expenditures grew 2.3 times faster than GDP in the U.S., 2.0...
by Laurence J. Kotlikoff | On 16 Dec 2005 It has become increasingly clear that the services negotiations under the Doha Development Agenda will not produce significant improvements on current commitments unless major new impetus is provided....
by Rudolf Adhung | On 11 Dec 2005 India has joined China as the darling of the global investor community. Much of this is well deserved since 14 years of economic reform have genuinely transformed the economy. However, the main driver...
by Sanjeev Sanyal | On 09 Dec 2005 A short review of the cost of acccessing abortion services and how women finance these costs.
by | On 05 Aug 2005
|