Tillage, Residue And Nitrogen Management Effects on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emission From Rice–Wheat System of Indian Northwest Indo-Gangetic Plains

Zero-tillage, residue management and precision nutrient management techniques are being promoted in the rice–wheat (RW) production system of Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGPs) to enhance climate change adaptation and increase food production. These management practices may also influence greenhouse gas emissions through their effects on various soil processes such as oxidation-reduction and nitrification–denitrification. We measured soil fluxes of CH4 and N2O in RW system under three tillage and residue management systems layered with four nitrogen (N) management treatments. The tillage and residue management systems comprised: conventional tillage (CT), zero-tillage without residue retention (ZT - R) and ZT with full residue retention (ZT + R) for both the crops. The four N management treatments for rice were: (a) basmati cultivar with recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) applied in three splits, (b) basmati cultivar with 80% RDN as basal dose followed by Green Seeker (GS) guided N application, (c) hybrid cultivar with RDN applied in three splits and (d) hybrid with 80% RDN as basal dose followed by GS guided N application.