Internal Migration, Poverty and Development in Asia

This article explores the relationship between internal migration and economic growth and development in Asia, concentrating on four countries: China, India, Vietnam and Indonesia. Levels of internal migration in Asia are high and rising. Despite being negatively regarded by many policy makers, internal migration can contribute to economic growth and poverty reduction. For example, remittances sent home by internal migrants can reduce poverty at the household level, stimulate economic growth in both the receiving and sending areas and reduce social inequalities. Until now, the potential of internal migration has been severely limited by policies designed to discourage it. However, policy makers are now beginning to recognise the benefits. In order to maximise these benefits, the article argues, effective partnerships between governments, civil society, the private sector and donors will have to be formed. Better data on the various factors stimulating and affecting internal migration will also be needed.